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Clinical Trials
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The possibility of reducing the accumulation of ascites by intraperitoneal injections of a Viscum album extract (Iscador M) was evaluated in 23 patients, with end-stage malignancies of varying histology, requiring repeated peritoneal punctures.
Bar-Sela 2006
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A 2-year prospective analysis to study the use & safety of anthroposophic medications (AMED), in chronic disease shows that the most frequently used AMED ingredients were Viscum album (11.5%, 76 of 662 patients), Bryophyllum (9.4%), Arnica (7.9%) and Silicea (7.7%).
Hamre 2006
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Healthy controls and patients were evaluated for their immunologic response to treatment with a standardized mistletoe extract (Iscador). It shows a strong effect as adjuvant that induces TNF-alpha and IL-12, which was partly mediated via CD14.
Heinzerling 2006
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A study was carried out in 47 healthy individuals to investigate how exposure to mistletoe extracts in vivo may influence cellular immune reactions by peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Huber 2006
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Ex vivo activity of 3 products of alternative therapy including extracts of Viscum album, Uncaria tomentosa, etc. against leukemic and normal cells of 53 children with acute leukemias and four cell lines, was analyzed by the MTT assay, cell-cycle analysis and annexin-V binding assay.
Styczynski 2006
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The long-term treatment of standardized fermented European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) extract Iscador in patients with primary intermediate to high-risk malignant melanoma appears safe. Tumor enhancement was not observed.
Augustin 2005
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In 98 patients with breast cancer, it was shown that a single intravenous application of Viscum album extracts "Iscador M special" at a concentration of 1 mg/ individual prior to surgery prevented the surgery-associated inhibition of the oxidative burst.
Bussing 2005
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Administration of an aqueous mistletoe extract standardized to mistletoe lectin intravesically to 30 patients with superficial urothelial bladder carcinoma showed that it could be a potential alternative adjuvant therapy for superficial bladder cancer.
Elsasser-Beile 2005
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The perioperative use of the mistletoe drug Isorel can improve immune competence and the overall health status of cancer patients undergoing surgery.
Enesel 2005
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Treatment with mistletoe plant extract Iscador Quercus special or mistletoe lectin stimulates the production of GM-CSF, IL-5 and IFNgamma by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which is accompanied by an increase of eosinophil- and granulocyte-counts in 43 volunteers.
Huber 2005
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Adverse effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy on the microcirculation and the immune system were decreased and reconstitution processes were accelerated by complementary administration of a standardized mistletoe extract (Iscador) in ear, nose and throat carcinoma patients.
Klopp 2005
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Treatment of 21 patients with chronic hepatitis C with mistletoe preparation as monotherapy for one year suggest an effect comparable to glycyrrhicin treatment, improvement of liver inflammation and thus possibly reduction of cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Tusenius 2005
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Safety of complementary therapy of patients with primary, non-metastatic mammary carcinoma with a standard mistletoe extract was confirmed & showed fewer adverse effects attributed to concurrent conventional therapy & reduced disease & treatment-associated symptoms. [Article in German]
Bock 2004
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The clinical trial showed no clinical benefit for adjuvant treatment with low dose recombinant interferon (rIFN)-alpha2b or rIFN-gamma or with Iscador M in high-risk melanoma patients.
Kleeberg 2004
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Viscum fraxini-2 seems to be particularly promising in 23 patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, it shows antitumor activity and low toxicity profile.
Mabed 2004
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The investigation on the role of immunomodulatory treatment with Iscador QuS & Intron A of women with CIN1 & CIN2 with concurrent HPV infection shows that 1/Iscador QuS and specially Intron A increases the CIN1 & CIN2 remission rate and they may also affect the HPV remission. [Article in Polish]
Jach 2003
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Clinical data show that half of the B-cell lymphoma patients (6/12) with long-term Viscum album therapy had a continuous complete remission, whereas only 2/15 patients with short-term treatment had a complete remission.
Kovacs 2002a
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This study attempts to determine if Iscador treatment prolongs survival time of patients with various cancers. In the nonrandomized matched-pair study, survival time of patients treated with Iscador was longer for all types of cancer.
Grossarth-Maticek 2001
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The functional characteristics of microcirculation and immunological behavior of the white blood cells in different target tissues (derma, intestine) were investigated after administering standardized mistletoe extract, Viscum album L, in healthy volunteers by vital microscopic investigation.
Klopp 2001
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The effect of mistletoe extract treatment was tested in a randomised, controlled clinical trial on patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The 5-year survival rates of the mistletoe group were no better than the survival rates of the control group.
Steuer-Vogt 2001
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Ninety-two children 5 to 14 years of age living in areas exposed to the radioactive fallout from Chernobyl with recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs) were treated with Viscum album (Iscador M or P) resulting in normalization of initial immune indices either below or above normal ranges.
Chernyshov 2000
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An increase conc. of mistletoe lectin per kg body weight enhanced the number of CD4+ T helper cells in 23 tumour patients. Patients with reduced number of peripheral T cells had decreased immunological reaction and patients with normal T-cell number were more reactive. [Article in German]
Bussing 1999
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Viscum album Qu FrF can be administered safely to HIV-positive patients. It induces immunomodulation in HIV-positive and healthy individuals and may inhibit the progression of HIV disease. Some patients experienced transient exacerbations of gingivitis.
Gorter 1999
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Subcutaneous injections of fermented and unfermented aqueous extracts of Viscum album L. in HIV-positive patients and HIV-negative subjects results in a local inflammatory reaction at the injection site. There were no changes in eosinophilic granulocytes or CD8/38-positive lymphocyte populations.
Stoss 1999
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Animal Studies
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Among five Turkish traditional medicine, the ethanolic extracts of Agrostemma githago, Thymbra spicata and Viscum album showed potent hypocholesterolaemic activity in the mice fed with a diet containing high-cholesterol.
Avci 2006
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Standardized mistletoe extract modulates proliferation and apoptosis of thymocytes in a dose-dependent manner and may act lymphoprotective during dexamethasone treatment in murine (Balb/c) model.
Hajto 2006
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The in vivo results suggest that investigation of thymocytes in vivo can be helpful in the immunological dose-finding since standardized Mistletoe (Viscum album L.) extracts is able to modulate proliferation & apoptosis of thymocytes with a bell-shaped curve of efficacy in murine (Balb/c) model.
Hajto 2006a
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The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the 5 flavonoid derivatives including 5,7-dimethoxy-flavanone-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the extract from Viscum album ssp. album, were investigated in mice.
Orhan 2006
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No suspicion of potential liver toxicity was observed when Wistar rats of both sexes were fed 7.3 or 73 mg/kg body weight of ethanolic kava (Piper methysticum extract) for 3 and 6 months.
Sorrentino 2006
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The effects of Viscum album (VA) preparation VA Qu FrF on growth of B16F1 melanoma implanted in mice and on proliferation and cytokine synthesis of splenocytes revealed that Interleukin-12 is associated with the in vivo anti-tumor effect of mistletoe extracts in B16 mouse melanoma.
Van Huyen 2006
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Investigation of acute hypoglycaemic effect of water and ethanolic extracts of 3 Viscum album subspecies, ssp. album, ssp. austriacum, ssp. abietis, in normoglycaemic and streptozotozocin-induced diabetic rats shows potent antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant activity depending on host plant.
Orhan 2005
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The short & long-term in vivo effects of galactoside-specific plant lectin, Viscum album agglutinin-I (VAA-I) on thymocyte subpopulations & peripheral T cells were tested using a murine (Balb/c) model which showed that VAA-I induces proliferation & apoptosis of murine thymocytes in vivo.
Hajto 2003
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Pharmacological experiments demonstrated that the relevant extracts of all the 5 Turkish plants including Viscum album ssp. album given orally showed significant stomach protection against the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats.
Gurbuz 2002
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The immunomodulatory and antimetastatic activity of standardized aqueous mistletoe extracts demonstrated statistically significant reductions of experimental liver and lung metastases for mistletoe treated BALB/c-mice.
Braun 2001
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Aqueous mistletoe extract showed in vivo anticancer activity in different transplantable syngeneic murine tumor models following repeated parenteral treatment. These effects are most likely due to the immunostimulatory rather than to the cytotoxic potencies.
Burger 2001
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The effects of combination therapy with interleukin (IL)-2-(10(4) Cetus units/mouse, and a galactoside-specific lectin from Viscum album L. (VAA) with those of IL-2 or VAA therapy alone in C3H/HeJ female mice bearing s.c. transplants of a highly metastatic C3L5 mammary adenocarcinoma.
Timoshenko 2001
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The adjuvant effect of lectins (KML-C) isolated from Korean mistletoe (Viscum album coloratum) on induction of humoral and cellular immune responses against keyhole limpet hemocyanine (KLH) was examined using mice.
Yoon 2001
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Isorel, an aqueous extract produced by Novipharm GmbH from the entire plant of fresh mistletoe under standardized conditions with bioassay validated batch consistency, can be valuable in experimental adjuvant cancer therapy increasing efficiency of cyclophosphamide chemotherapy.
Zarkovic 2001
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Animals treated with Iscador activated splenocytes showed an average survival period of 68 days whereas that of control tumour bearing animals treated with Ab the average survival was 19.3 days.
Antony 2000
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Viscum album L. has been used in the indigenous system of medicine for treatment of atherosclerosis and hypertension. The vascular effects of the phenolic compounds and subfractions isolated from n-butanolic fraction of V. album ssp. album were studied on noradrenaline-contracted rat aortic rings.
Deliorman 2000
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Several Bolivian medicinal plants have been evaluated for cytoprotective activity on ethanol-induced ulcer formation in rats. Phoradendron crassifolium and Franseria artemisioides being the most active, exerting a cytoprotective activity comparable to atropine.
Gonzales 2000
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The antiproliferative effects on soft tissue tumors of the Abies alba and Viscum album se abies extract may be due to the lectins and thionins contained in Viscum album, as well as to the monoterpenes contained in Abies alba.
Karkabounas 2000
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In a study of the traditional remedy, consisting of an aqueous extract of mixed parts of the tree Abies alba and its mistletoe Viscum album se abies was tested on benzo(alpha)pyrene(BaP)-induced tumors in Wistar rats and on the L-1210 malignant cell line.
Karkabounas 2000
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Long-term administration of galactoside-specific mistletoe lectin in an animal model: no protection against N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine-induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis in rats and no induction of a relevant local cellular immune response.
Kunze 2000
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The response to orally delivered Viscum album (mistletoe lectin 1;ML-1) was comparable to that induced a potent mucosal immunogen, cholera toxin.
Lavelle 2000
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Pharmacodynamics
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These results indicate that a toxic lectin from Phoradendron californicum inactivates rat liver ribosomes by cleaving an N-glycosidic bond at A4324 of 28 S rRNA in the ribosomes as does ricin A-chain.
Endo 1989
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Investigation on the efficacy of a perioperative intravenous mistletoe extract application on the modulation of operation-induced immune suppression showed that this special form of application could minimise the immune suppression triggered by anaesthesia and operation stress.
Bussing 2006
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The mechanisms underlying the anti-tumoral activity of Viscum album or mistletoe lectins are complex and involve apoptosis, angiogenesis and immunomodulation.
Elluru 2006
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The sensitivity of mistletoe (Viscum album) extracts to Iscador treatment varies between different cell lines & also in those derived from small cell lung cancer & adenocarcinoma of lung & breast, as well as endothelial cell cultures, Iscador caused early cell cycle inhibition followed by apoptosis.
Harmsma 2006
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Viscumin of mistletoe (Viscum album L.) has a concentration-dependent activity profile unique to plant AB-toxins. It starts with lectin-dependent mitogenicity and then covers toxicity and cell agglutination, associated with shifts in the monomer/dimer equilibrium.
Jimenez 2006
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The direct effect of the three mistletoe extracts Iscador M Spezial, Iscador Qu Spezial and Iscador P on tumor growth was investigated in a panel of 26 human tumor cell lines in vitro using cellular proliferation assays.
Kelter 2006
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The effects of Viscum album Quercus extract (1000 ng lectin and 6 microg viscotoxin/ml) in various doses were investigated in an in vitro model with tumor cells: three multiple myeloma cell lines (OPM-2, RPMI-8226, U-266) and three B cell lymphoma cell lines (U-698, DOHH-2, WSU-1).
Kovacs 2006
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Viscum album L. var. coloratum agglutinin inhibited cell proliferation at higher concentrations (at 1-8 ng/ml) & enhanced cell proliferation at lower concentrations (4-32 pg/ml). It modulates murine splenocyte proliferation & acts on balance of Th1/Th2 cellular immune responses.
Lyu 2006
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The mistletoe (Viscum album L.) extract Iscador has been shown to be an effective complementary drug in the treatment of cancer patients after surgical removal of the primary tumor and it was shown to be clearly non-genotoxic and free of relevant toxic effects on reproduction in vivo.
Maldacker 2006
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It is indicated that immunomodulatory activities of Viscum album (VA) extracts differ according to their origin. VA-Malus and VA-Pinus were able to increase anti-tumoral activity of activated human macrophages, with a possible role for nitric oxide in this effect.
Mossalayi 2006
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Scavenging activity of methanolic extracts of Viscum album ssp. album (mistletoe) was tested by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method and the inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation was examined by ferric thiocyanate and thiobarbituric acid methods.
Onay-Ucar 2006
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The pharmacological effect of a Viscum album aqueous extract was evaluated on the Langendorff isolated and perfused heart model in normotense male guinea pig hearts. [Article in Spanish]
Tenorio Lopez 2006a
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Viscum album L. aqueous extract, on the Langendorff isolated and perfused heart model, decreases coronary vascular resistance, when compared to control group and the coronary vasodilator effect is mediated by the NO/sGC pathway.
Tenorio-Lopez 2006
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Viscum album extract and cytotoxic proteins, i.e., mistletoe lectins and viscotoxins, were able to block the growth of bladder carcinoma cells.
Urech 2006
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The recombinant Korean mistletoe lectin was expressed, purified, and investigated for its molecular characteristics in vitro, its cytotoxicity and ability to induce apoptotic cell death in cancer cells.
Ye 2006
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The paediatric medulloblastoma cells respond to Viscum album preparations, by undergoing cell death through apoptosis and the growth-inhibition correlates with the lectin content of the used preparation.
Zuzak 2006
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[Oncopharmacological Perspectives of a Plant Lectin (Viscum album Agglutinin-I): Overview of Recent Results from In vitro Experiments and In vivo Animal Models, and Their Possible Relevance for Clinical Applications.]
Hajto 2005
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[Interleukin-6-mediated cell growth in multiple myeloma--a role for Viscum album extracts?]
Hallek 2005
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Clinically relevant doses of the Viscum album extract do not trigger an autocrine or paracrine IL-6 loop nor do they initiate IL-6 trans-signalling in follicular B- Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma cell lines.
Hugo 2005
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It is demonstrated that lamin B(1) is a novel target to Viscum album agglutinin-I and its degradation was reversed by a pan-caspase inhibitor and by a caspase-6, but not a caspase-8, inhibitor.
Lavastre 2005
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It is found that Viscum album agglutinin-I (VAA-I) is a potent inducer of eosinophil apoptosis & that proteases other than those inhibited by N-benzyloxycarbonyl-V-A-D-O-methylfluoromethyl ketone in 3D10 cells are involved in VAA-I-induced peripheral blood eosinophil apoptosis and lamin B1 cleavage.
Lavastre 2005a
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Investigation of medicinal herbs like Urtica dioica, Taraxacum officinale, Viscum album, and Myrtus communis with alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activity was conducted to identify a prophylactic effect for diabetes in vitro. All plants showed differing potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
Onal 2005
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The aqueous extract of Viscum album leaves showed a significant coronary vasodilator activity on the Langendorff's isolated and perfused heart model.
Tenorio 2005
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Viscin, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid and ursolic acid which are isolated from Viscum album inhibited growth and induced apoptotic cell death in Molt4, K562 and U937 leukaemia cells.
Urech 2005
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[The most recent research results confirm the safety and effectiveness of iscador in cancer] [Article in German]
[No authors listed] 2004
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The hypothesis that IscadorQu, an aqueous fermented extract from the European mistletoe grown on oaks, induces tumor regression by cell cycle inhibition and/or interference with apoptotic signaling pathways in cancer cells was tested.
Harmsma 2004
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Viscum album L. coloratum agglutinin induces apoptosis by inducing reactive oxygen species production and a loss of DeltaPsim, in which c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase phosphorylation plays a critical role in these events.
Kim 2004
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It is found the Viscum album agglutinin-I possesses the ability to induce apoptosis of preactivated neutrophils at a concentration that does not induce a proinflammatory response and it can inhibit a lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory response in vivo.
Lavastre 2004
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Based on lectin blot analysis with mistletoe lectin as marker which detected prominent change, the glycoprotein patterns from fetal & adult tissue specimens were found to be qualitatively different, rendering changes in expression of protein part of glycoproteins more than remodeling glycan chains.
Manning 2004
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The isoforms viscotoxins A2 and B from mistletoe have a high degree of amino-acid-sequence similarity, but they are strikingly different from each other in their in vitro cytotoxic potency towards tumour cells.
Coulon 2003
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Diets containing aqueous extracts of mistletoe (Viscum album), nettle (Urtica dioica), and ginger (Zingiber officinale) were fed to fish to investigate the immunostimulant effect.
Dugenci 2003
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A work was performed to assess the cytotoxicity of various Viscum album (VA) preparations, i.e. VA Qu FrF, Qu Spez, M Spez and VA P, in lymphoblastoid and monocytic cell lines which showed that extracts of VA P, derived from mistletoe plants growing on pine trees, failed to induce any cell death.
Duong Van Huyen 2003
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Extracts from Viscum album are widely used in cancer therapy and the antineoplasic effect is attributed to their cytostatic/cytotoxic and immunomodulatory actions.
Fernandez 2003
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Examination of the in vitro effects of various mistletoe extracts on human phagocytes showed that different mistletoe lectin concentrations ranging from 0.025 to 20 ng/ml showed only marginal influence on phagocyte activity.
Frank 2003
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The subcutaneous injection of mistletoe lectin-standardized mistletoe extracts Viscum album QuFrF and scador Qu Spzial leads to a release of proinflammatory cytokines at the injection site in a multilayered skin model EpiDerm.
Gorter 2003
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The galactoside-specific plant lectin, Viscum album agglutinin-(VAA)-I may alter the sensitivity of thymocytes to glucocorticoids and this effect may play a role in the bell-shaped dose-response curve of lectin-induced immunological effects.
Hajto 2003
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Various extracts from the leaves of mistletoe (Viscum album L. ssp. album) were investigated for their antiviral activity on human parainfluenza virus type 2 (HPIV-2) growth in Vero cells. he active aqueous extract has shown a dose-dependent antiviral activity on virus replication.
Karagoz 2003
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Korean mistletoe lectin-II is a strong inducer of pro-oxidant generation such as H2O2, which mediates the JNK/SAPK activation, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase-9 and caspase 3-like protease, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage in human myeloleukemic U937 cells.
Kim 2003
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Interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibits the membrane expression of gp130, although the proliferation of the myeloma cells increases and Viscum album extract did not affect survival, the expression of surface receptors IL-6 and gp130 or the amount of sIL-6R in the supernatant.
Kovacs 2003
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It is suggested that inhibitory effect of lectins isolated from Korean mistletoe has immuno-modulating activity to enhance host defense system against tumors, & that its prophylactic & therapeutic effect on tumor metastasis is associated with activation of natural killer cells & macrophages.
Yoon 2003
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Interactions between vesicles and lectins of Viscum album L.with respect to the question of synergistic or antagonistic effects were investigated using biochemical & immunological methods.
Fischer 2002
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Viscum album extract (VA ) as an immunomodulator was tested in an in vitro model to investigate DNA repair in damaged peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of ten breast cancer patients which showed that VA extract affects positively DNA repair in PBMC.
Kovacs 2002b
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Viscum album agglutinin-I (VAA-I), a plant lectin induces apoptosis by reactive oxygen species-independent and Mcl-1-dependent mechanisms and caspases are involved in cytoskeletal protein degradation in both spontaneous and VAA-I-induced neutrophil apoptosis.
Lavastre 2002
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Mistletoe lectins were compared with cholera toxin as adjuvants when delivered nasotracheally together with herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D2 (gD2). All three mistletoe lectins (MLI, MLII, MLIII) were potent mucosal adjuvants.
Lavelle 2002
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The effects of Korean mistletoe lectin (Viscum album L. coloratum agglutinin, VCA) on proliferation and apoptosis of human hepatoma cells as well as the underlying mechamisms for these effects were investigated which showed that VCA can beconsidered as a telomerase-inhibitor.
Lyu 2002
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The 3 aqueous mistletoe extracts (Iscador M & Qu special and Iscador P) were evaluated for anti-proliferative and/or stimulatory effects in a panel of 16 human tumor cell lines in vitro using a cellular proliferation assay. The results show no evidence of stimulation of tumor growth.
Maier 2002
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Mistletoe is a widely used form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for cancer treatment, & research into its use poses the challenges of translation of preclinical data into demonstrable clinical efficacy & investigating CAM approaches as a component of complex cancer treatment systems.
Mansky 2002
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It has been shown that nontoxic concentrations of Viscum album extracts increase natural killer (NK) cell-mediated killing of tumor cells but spare nontarget cells from NK lysis.
Tabiasco 2002
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Viscum album (VA) extract-induced endothelial apoptosis may explain the tumor regression associated with the therapeutic use of VA preparations and support further investigations to develop novel anti-angiogenic compounds based on mistletoe compounds.
Van Huyen 2002
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A study of cytotoxic and immunomodulatory properties suggest that B lymphocyte depletion is not involved in the modulation of humoral immunity by mistletoe lectins.
Duong 2001
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IFN-gamma-differentiation of U937 cells may increase the susceptibility to mistletoe lectin-II-induced apoptosis.
Kim 2001
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Involvement of cell cycle arrest in Viscum album L. coloratum agglutinin (VCA) induced apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry and the results suggested that the apoptotic effect of VCA is not involved in the induction of cell cycle arrest.
Lyu 2001
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Viscum album lectin binding sites for ligands of the NMDA and sigma receptors in rat hippocampus synaptic plasma membranes are located separately, and the carbohydrate side chains of the sigma receptor does not participate in the modulation of the NMDA-receptor.
Machaidze 2001
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Flow cytometric analysis revealed that rice bran agglutinin and wheat germ agglutinin cause G2/M phase cell cycle arrest with increased expression of Waf1/p21, while cell cycle arrest was not observed for Viscum album agglutinin.
Miyoshi 2001
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The induction of apoptosis of B16-BL6 melanoma cells by Viscum album L. coloratum agglutinin, was investigated by morphological changes, DNA fragmentation, & cell cycle analysis which revealed that inhibition of tumor growth & metastasis are associated with apoptosis & antiangiogenesis.
Park 2001
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It is found that the plant lectin Viscum album agglutinin-I cannot induce phosphorylation events in human neutrophils, however, it enhances phagocytosis by itself without altering IL-15-induced phagocytosis.
Pelletier 2001
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[Studies in mistletoe therapy and cancer: still waiting for the the big step forward.]
Resch 2001
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The antineoplastic activity of Viscum album agglutinin-1 (VAA-1) alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs, including doxorubicin, cisplatin and taxol in the human lung carcinoma cell line A549 was evaluated which showed that cytotoxic effects are enhanced when VAA-1 was added.
Siegle 2001
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[Epitope specificity of mouse immune response on short polypeptides isolated from Viscum album.]
Tonevitsky 2001
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The ability of different concentrations Viscum album to modulate the respiratory burst in neutrophils, induced by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine was studied. [Article in Russian]
Alovskaia 2000
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This study compared the effect of a standardized aqueous mistletoe extract (for ML-I), an isolated natural mistletoe lectin and a recombinant form of this lectin on cell viability and cytokine induction in human peripheral blood monocytes and lymphocytes.
Elsasser-Beile 2000
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Three D-galactose and/or N-acetyl-D-galactosamine specific mistletoe lectins were purified and found to be toxic for Molt 4 cells in culture at concentrations in the pg/ml range (ML III being the most cytotoxic). Carbohydrates able to bind to the lectin B-chain inhibited their toxic activity.
Frantz 2000
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This study investigated the involvement of caspase cascade and its proteolytic cleavage effects on biosubstrates of human myeloleukemic U937 cells by D-galactoside and N-acetyl-galactosamine-specific Korean mistletoe lectin-II.
Kim 2000
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Antitumour activity derived from medicinal plants may produce results via a number of mechanisms, including effects on cytoskeletal proteins which play a key role in mitosis (paclitaxel), stimulation of the immune system (Viscum album), or antiprotease-antioxidant activity.
Mantle 2000
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An investigation of the effects of a locally applied aqueous mistletoe extract (AME) on the growth of urinary bladder carcinoma MB49 in an orthotopic murine model.
Mengs 2000
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HL-60 cells transfected with heat shock protein (hsp) 70 gene exhibited resistance to Mistletoe lectin II (ML II) induced apoptosis very similar to that seen when untransfected cells were heat-shocked.
Pae 2000
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The simultaneous treatment of human cervix carcinoma HeLa or breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells with mistletoe lectins isolated from European or Korean mistletoe rendered them more sensitive to induction of apoptosis by tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
Pae 2000
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Three distinct components of mistletoe, including beta-galactoside- and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine-specific lectin II (60 kDa), polysaccharides, and viscotoxin (5 kDa), induced apoptotic cell death, characterized by DNA ladder pattern fragmentation of U937 cells.
Park 2000
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Viscum album agglutinin-I (VAA-I) modulates protein synthesis and induces apoptosis in various cells of immune origin. This study found that VAA-I induces de novo protein synthesis of labeled human neutrophils at low concentrations but acts as an inhibitor at higher concentrations.
Savoie 2000
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Extracts from European mistletoe are used for adjuvant cancer treatment. Their influence on the intracellular expression of cytokines of the T-helper cells type-1 (Th1; IFN-gamma) or type-2 (Th2; IL-4) is investigated.
Stein 2000
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Use of apoptosis assays and mistletoe hololectin subunits of proven purity showed that neither human lymphocytes nor Molt-4 cells undergo apoptosis after treatment with isolated lectin-type B-chains. Only the hololectin was able to induce apoptosis in these assays.
Vervecken 2000
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Although the mistletoe lectin (ML) content of VAL extracts strongly correlated with their apoptosis-inducing properties, the presence of these proteins will not guarantee its biological activity, indicating the involvement of other components which may modulate ML cytotoxicity.
Bussing
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Although one may expect a homogeneous distribution of 'receptors' for mistletoe lectins (ML) on the cell surface, the sensitivity of cells to the (ML) mediated cytotoxicity differs.
Bussing 1999
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Selective apoptotic effects of mistletoe lectins Viscum album agglutinin (VAA-I) may represent a novel approach for pharmacological manipulation of the balance between cell growth and programmed cell death. [Article in German]
Hajto 1999
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An analysis of the effects of Viscum album agglutinin (VAA-I) and its recombinant nonglycosylated form (rVAA) on cell membrane permeability of cultured human peripheral lymphocytes (PBL) found that VAA-I and rVAA exhibit comparable effects on cell membrane permeability in the subsets of human PBLs.
Hostanska 1999
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Mistletoe lectin I at a very low concentration (0.001 ng/mL) increased the glucose uptake and thymidine incorporation in cultured human lung carcinoma cells.
Kubasova 1999
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Recombinant mistletoe lectin (rML) is composed of a catalytically active A-chain with rRNA N-glycosidase activity and a B-chain with carbohydrate binding properties, belongs to the class of type II ribosome-inactivating proteins (RIP)and functions as an anticancer agent.
Langer 1999
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Viscotoxins (thionin extracts from European mistletoe, Viscum album) exert yet unknown strong immunomodulatory effects on human granulocytes, which might be of benefit for tumour patients, in addition to their cytotoxic properties.
Stein 1999
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An acidic arabinogalactan (VAL-PS) was isolated from Viscum album (VAL), exerting an unknown stimulatory activity, especially on specific CD4+ T-cells, which may be influenced by other extract components like the mistletoe lectin.
Stein 1999
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CD8+ cells with 'memory' phenotype (CD62Llo) are more sensitive to the mistletoe lectin ML III-mediated killing than their CD8+ CD62Lhi counterparts, CD4+ T cells, and CD19+ B cells.
Bussing 1999
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Both apoptosis and cytokine production are induced differentially in leukocyte cultures by clinically applied mistletoe preparations. However, there is no correlation between the biological effects and the lectin content of the various preparations.
Elsasser-Beile 1999
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Results suggest the recombinant form of Viscum album agglutinin-I augments secretion of an active form of interleukin and potentiates the cytokine-induced NK activation against K562 target cells in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and YAC-1 target cells in rat spleen cells.
Hajto 1998
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Oleanolic acid (1) was identified as an anti-HIV principle from several plants, including Rosa woodsii, Prosopis glandulosa, Phoradendron juniperinum, Syzygium claviflorum, Hyptis capitata, and Ternstromia gymnanthera . It inhibited HIV-1 replication in acutely infected H9 cells.
Kashiwada 1998
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A comparison of concentration dependent effects of the pure mistletoe lectin (ML-1) with the fresh plant Viscum album extract (Isorel) and its different MW components on the in vitro growth of ConA stimulated lymphocytes and on the growth and tumorigenicity of murine melanoma B16F10 cells.
Zarkovic 1998
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Lyophilized mistletoe (Phoradendron latifolium leaf) infusion caused a contraction of isolated guinea-pig vas deferens, which was partially blocked by phentolamine but not by atropine.
Queiroz-Neto 1990
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