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| EVIDENCE FOR EFFICACY (HUMAN DATA) |
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Clinical Trials
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Aloe vera gel is statistically significantly more effective than placebo in inducing clinical and symptomatological improvement of oral lichen planus in 54 consecutive patients.
Choonhakarn 2008
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Study found that use of complementary and alternative medicine with the most common types being homeopathy, vitamins and minerals, modified diet, aloe vera & cinnamon in children with type 1 diabetes is less common than that documented for adults.
Dannemann 2008
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A statistically significant improvement in healing occurred for wounds cleansed with saline spray containing Aloe vera, silver chloride and decyl glucoside compared with isotonic saline.
Moore 2008
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The anti-inflammatory potential of a highly concentrated Aloe vera gel in the UV erythema test in vivo was explored and its usefulness was confirmed against UV-induced Erythema in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III monocenter study.
Reuter 2008
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An anionic polar phospholipid-(APP) based cream and an aloe vera-based gel were compared to determine their effectiveness in preventing and treating radiation dermatitis in 45 pediatric patients revealing that APP cream is more effective.
Merchant 2007
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A non-blinded three armed study of the effect of Aloe vera, Essex and no lotion on erythema, which is an effect of radiotherapy treatment in breast cancer patients was performed with 50 women and showed no significant median differences between the pairs of different treatments.
Nystr?007
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Among the pediatric otolaryngology patients, the commonly used complementary and alternative medicine preparations were cod-liver oil, echinacea, aloe vera, cranberry, primrose oil and herbal vitamin supplements.
Shakeel 2007
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Of the 33 interventions including aloe vera, antibiotic pastille or paste in the trial, 12 showed some evidence of a benefit for either preventing or reducing the severity of mucositis associated with cancer treatment.
Worthington 2007
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Previous history of polycystic ovarian syndrome, number of prior treatments, use of aloe vera cooling gel, and sex of patient had no apparent effect on the incidence of acneform lesions and the acneform reactions are relatively common after laser hair removal.
Carter 2006
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The effect of cosmetic formulations of freeze-dried Aloe vera extract on skin hydration, after a single and a 1 to 2-week period of application in volar forearm of 20 females, by using skin bio-engineering techniques showed improvement in skin hydration, by a humectant mechanism.
Dal'Belo 2006
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Assessment of the efficacy of Aloe vera (AV) on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in refractory secondary care patients indicated that there was no evidence that AV benefits patients with IBS.
Davis 2006
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The amount of citrate & tartrate in aloe gel, & in the urine of healthy normal children, before & after consuming fresh aloe gel found that changes in chemical composition of urine after aloe gel consumption show potential for preventing kidney stone formation in children.
Kirdpon 2006
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Incorporation of sunscreening agent-loaded microspheres into aloe vera gel greatly increased the efficacy of sunscreen formulation more than 4 times when evaluated for skin irritation test in human volunteers, and sun protection factor and minimum erythema dose in albino rats.
Patel 2006
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Study of interventions for preventing oral mucositis for patients with cancer receiving treatment shows that, of the 29 interventions including Aloe vera & camomile in the trials, 10 showed some evidence of benefit for either preventing or reducing severity of mucositis.
Worthington 2006
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The effect of the commercial Aloe vera gel in 41 patients with stable plaque psoriasis was modest and not better than placebo.
Paulsen 2005
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Study on 20 volunteers showed that aloe vera cream has no sunburn or suntan protection and no efficacy in sunburn treatment when compared to placebo. The aloe vera cream has no bleaching effect either.
Puvabanditsin 2005
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A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of aloe vera gel for treatment of mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis was performed in 44 out-patients and showed that oral aloe vera taken for 4 weeks produced a clinical response more often than placebo.
Langmead 2004
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In a randomized study with 58 head-and-neck cancer patients, oral aloe vera was not a beneficial adjunct to head-and-neck radiotherapy.
Su 2004
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While a single small trial of aloe vera supplementation vs gauze suggests delayed healing with aloe vera, the results of this trial are uninterpretable since there was a large differential loss to follow up.
Vermeulen 2004
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[A phase III trial comparing an anionic phospholipid-based cream and aloe vera-based gel in the prevention and treatment of radiation dermatitis].
Bosley 2003
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Gradual delivery of AV gel to skin by dry-coated Aloe vera gloves produced improved skin integrity, decreased appearance of fine wrinkling, and decreased erythema in occupational dry skin and irritant contact dermatitis.
West 2003
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Aloe vera gel did not significantly reduce radiation-induced skin side effects of breast cancer patients where as aqueous cream was useful in reducing dry desquamation and pain related to radiation therapy
Heggie 2002
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Acemannan Hydrogel Patch significantly reduced the incidence of alveolar osteitis in molar extraction sites compared with clindamycin-soaked Gelfoam.
Poor 2002
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The clinical effects of saline and Aloe vera rinses on periodontal surgical sites. (No abstract)
Rieger 2002
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A clinical trial on whether use of mild soap alone or mild soap + Aloe vera gel would decrease incidence of skin reactions in patients undergoing radiation therapy revealed a protective effect of adding Aloe to the soap regimen only when the cumulative dose increases over time.
Olsen 2001
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Clear benefit could not be established of a gel containing silicon dioxide, aloe
vera, and allantoin for healing of recurrent oral aphthous ulcers in a
randomized 3-4-month trial
Garnick 1998
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Cancer progression was slowed when A. vera tincture (1 ml twice/day) was
added to melatonin (20 mg/day orally) than by melatonin alone in a small trial with 50 cancer patients
Lissoni 1998
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Carrasyn, a hydrogel from aloe approved by the FDA for pressure ulcers, gave no advantage over a moist saline gauze dressing in a randomized trial with 30
patients for 10 weeks
Thomas 1998
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Among cancer patients, radiation therapy-induced dermatitis was not reduced among those getting aloe gel
Williams 1996
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The decline of CD4 in HIV patients was not prevented by acemannan @ 1600
mg/d orally
Montaner 1996
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Slight to moderate chronic plaque-type psoriasis was cured in 4 weeks with 0.5% Aloe extract in 25/30 patients (83.3%) compared to the placebo cure rate of 2/30 (6.6%) and clearing of psoriatic plaques was 328/396 (82.8%) vs placebo 28/366 (7.7%)
Syed 1996
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Burns healed faster with aloe vera gel than vaseline gauze, 12 vs. 18 days in a trial with 27 patients
Visuthikosol 1995
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In a double-blind trial, a combination of celandin, aloe vera and psyllium, showed increased bowel movements, soft stools and less laxative dependence compared to placebo.
Odes 1991
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From 21 women with healing complications after gynecologic surgery, those treated with aloe vera gel required 83 days and those on standard treatment healed in 53 days
Schmidt 1991
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5000 angina patients adding the 'Husk of Isabgol' and 'aloe vera' to their diet had reduced total serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, fasting and post prandial blood sugar level in diabetic patients, total lipids and also increased HDL
Agarwal 1985
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Double-blind comparison of alophen with its components for cathartic effects. (No abstract)
Chapman 1974
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Observational Studies/Case Reports
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[Several cases of liver affected by aloe vera] [Article in Swedish]
Belfrage 2008
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A case of possible oral aloe vera-induced hepatitis was reported in 73-year-old female who used oral aloe vera capsules for constipation.
Bottenberg 2007
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A case of a 72-year-old woman observed for dermatitis on the legs followed by apperance of erythema on the eyelids was presented and she had a past history of peripheral venous insufficiency and had been using self home-made Aloe vera juice over the legs for relief from pain.
Ferreira 2007
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The study tracked effect of aloe-vera impregnated gloves on attitudes about hand hygiene among many health care workers and their perceived sense of skin condition.
Korniewicz 2007
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It is suggested that a combination of interferon and herbal therapy (aloe vera-propolis) with B complex is an effective, atraumatic and simple non-surgical treatment of human papillomavirus infection tested in women with different cervical lesions.
Iljazovi?006
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Fresh Aloe vera gel (100 g) contains 96.3 mg of citrate and 158.9 mg of tartrate. This is mid-range for Thai fruits. Changes in chemical compositions of urine after aloe consumption shows its potential for preventing kidney stone formation among adults.
Kirdpon 2006a
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There is limited controlled evidence indicating efficacy of traditional Chinese medicines, aloe vera gel, wheat grass juice, Boswellia serrata and bovine colostrum enemas in ulcerative colitis.
Langmead 2006
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It is suggested that APS-1, a polysaccharide from Aloe vera var. chinensis, could be of considerable preventive and therapeutic significance to some free radical associated health problems such as coronary heart ailments, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.
Wu 2006
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A case of Henoch-Schonlein purpura, a systemic vasculitis, in an adult patient who had previously received the herb Aloe vera was reported.
Evangelos 2005
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Review on novel approaches to radiotherapy-induced skin reactions suggests that using a hydrophilic substance such as Aloe vera gel or vegetable oil that is high in essential fatty acids, is as effective as mild steroid creams such as 1% hydrocortisone in reducing the severity of reactions.
Maddocks-Jennings 2005
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A statistically significant improvement in pressure ulcer healing for wounds cleansed with saline spray containing Aloe vera, silver chloride and decyl glucoside (Vulnopur) when compared with isotonic saline solution was noted.
Moore 2005
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Hepatitis in a 57-year old female could be linked to the ingestion of Aloe barbadensis miller compounds. The patient's hepatitis resolved completely after discontinuing this medication.
Rabe 2005
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There is no evidence from clinical trials to suggest that topical Aloe vera is effective in preventing or minimising radiation-induced skin reactions in cancer patients.
Richardson 2005
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Use of an aloe vera gel resulted in full healing after treatments such as antibiotics, surgical debridement and skin grafting had failed.
Avijgan 2004
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Review on prevention and treatment of acute radiation dermatitis indicates that Aloe vera may be beneficial and is not harmful.
Wickline 2004
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[Evaluation of aloe vera gel gloves in the treatment of dry skin associated with occupational exposure].
Mitchell 2003
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Review of a total of 108 trials examining 36 herbs and 9 vitamin/mineral supplements, involving 4,565 patients with diabetes revealed that these herbs are generally safe and plants like Aloe vera have positive preliminary results.
Yeh 2003
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Data on atopic dermatitis and chronic venous insufficiency treated with aloe Aloe vera gel and tea tree oil indicated that there is no compelling evidence for their effectiveness as reviewed from the various clinical studies.
Ernst 2002
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Including Aloe vera, 45 plants and their products (active, natural principles and crude extracts) that have been mentioned/used in the Indian traditional system of medicine have shown experimental or clinical evidence of anti-diabetic activity.
Grover 2002
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Beneficial aspects of medicinal plants on skin include: healing of wounds and burn injuries (especially Aloe vera)
Mantle 2001
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Surgeons should question patients about use of common herbal remedies, as some may increase the risk of bleeding, or photosensitivity reaction, and some may be beneficial for wound healing (aloe vera gel).
Pribitkin 2001
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A new bioadhesive patch of Aloe vera hydrogel, tried for aphthous stomatitis found effective in more than 80% of cases with 90% compliance in adhesivity, acceptability and palatability of the formulation. [Article in Italian]
Andriani 2000
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Among herbal drugs, liquorice, aloe gel and capsicum (chilli) have been used extensively for the prevention and treatment of peptic ulcer and their clinical efficacy documented.
Borrelli 2000
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The effects, clinical studies, side effects, and dosing regimens for aloe vera, arnica, black cohosh, evening primrose oil, and saw palmetto are reviewed.
Cohen 2000
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Studies on Aloe vera, and many other plants indicate that these plants may be of value in selected dermatological indications.
Grimme 1999
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A case of successful treatment of Lichen planus, a disease that involves the skin and mucous membranes, with Aloe vera is described.
Hayes 1999
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Review of Aloe has revealed the therapeutic claims in inflammation, immuno-modulatory properties, antidiabetic, anticancer and antibiotic activities
Reynolds 1999
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Review of authentic literature of Aloe vera based on controlled clinical trials revealed that, even though there are some promising results, clinical effectiveness of oral or topical aloe Aloe vera is not sufficiently defined at present.
Vogle 1999
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Encouraging results for topical and oral aloe treatment of chronic venous leg ulcers call for larger research studies
Atherton 1998
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Nutritional supplements such as aloe vera and other plant derived saccharides
appeared to help improve fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome in 50
patients followed 9 months
Dykman 1998
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Natural cancer therapy with pineal indole melatonin plus Aloe vera extracts may produce some therapeutic benefits, at least in terms of stabilization of disease and survival, in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Lissoni 1998
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A review which discusses many agents used in treating Inflammatory bowel disease including the aloe vera derivative acemannan.
Robinson 1998
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Review of non conventional topical therapies for wound care including aloe
vera, etc
Rund 1996
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Aloe may be used in domestic conditions for increasing the defensive forces of the body during radiation lesions. [Article in Ukrainian]
Iena IaM 1993
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Dermabrasion healing was faster in areas where aloe was added to
polyethylene oxide gel dressing
Fulton 1990
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In frostbite, application of Aloe vera cream combats the local vasoconstrictive effects of thromboxane.
McCauley 1990
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Combination of chemotherapy in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis using desensitizing agents and tissue preparations (a suspension of placenta tissue and aloe) had an immunomodulating effect. [Article in Russian]
Nersesian
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Aloe injection lowered sGPT levels by 86.8%. in 38 patients of chronic hepatitis with positive HBsAg. [Article in Chinese]
Fan 1989
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Studies and case reports provide support for the use of aloe vera in the treatment of radiation ulcers and stasis ulcers in humans.
Klein 1988
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Three patients with chronic osteoma cutis secondary to acne vulgaris were treated postoperatively, with Aloe-vera-soaked polyethylene oxide gel dressings with excellent cosmetic results.
Fulton 1987
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Dried sap of the Aloe plant was studied in 5 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and in Swiss albino mice made diabetic using alloxan. Aloe contains a hypoglycaemic agent which lowers the blood glucose.
Ghannam 1986
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Modern clinical use of the mucilaginous gel from the parenchymatous cells in
the leaf pulp began in the 1930s, with reports of successful treatment of X-ray
and radium burns
Grindlay 1986
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"Aloe Vera in dentistry " (no abstract)
Sturm 1984
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Use of aloe in complex treatment of patients with focal pulmonary tuberculosis. [Article in Russian](No abstract)
Kurilenko 1974
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Traditional and Folk Use
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The data available in the literature for nine botanicals including Ginseng, Aloe Vera, that are frequently promoted to help manage blood glucose was reviewed.
Cefalu 2008
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The effects of different edible coatings including Aloe vera gel (1:1 v/v), A.vera gel(100%) on mango fruit ripening & ripe fruit quality parameters including color, firmness, soluble solids concentrations, total acidity, ascorbic acid, total carotenoids, & aroma volatiles were investigated.
Dang 2008
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The exceptional infrageneric diversity of Aloe, and extensive therapeutic uses in southern Africa, indicate its cultural importance in the subcontinent. These factors highlight the need for the conservation of the species as well as their potential as a source of natural products.
Grace 2008
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The cultural uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological, and toxicological properties of 10 plant species including linden flower and aloe (Aloe vera) was discussed.
Rodriguez-Fragoso 2008
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The article summarizes the active ingredients, anti-inflammatory properties, clinical effects, and therapeutic potential of many agents including aloe vera. Their Potential therapeutic indications include erythema induced by UV light, drug-induced skin eruptions, and psoriasis.
Wu 2008
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Amongst complementary & alternative medicine users in patients with essential hypertension, the most common herbal product used was garlic(69.3%). Others were native herbs (25%), ginger (23.9%), bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) (9.1%), and aloe vera (4.5%). 2.5% used spiritual therapy.
Amira 2007
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Review on the use of traditional medicine by HIV-infected individuals in South Africa in the era of antiretroviral therapy indicates that 14 of the 44 (32%) were currently using traditional medicines, most frequently African potato (9/14) and Aloe vera (3/14).
Babb 2007
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The most frequently used complementary and alternative medicines were herbs (51.9%), faith/prayer healing (49.4%), aloe vera (23.1%), Forever Living Products (16.3%), medicinal tea (14.4%), and Blackstone (12.5%).
Ezeome 2007
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The evidence surrounding the use of aloe-coated gloves in the workplace to prevent dry, sore hands was examined.
Ford 2007
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A non-experimental validation of ethnoveterinary plants and indigenous knowledge used for backyard pigs & chickens revealed that Aloe gel (Aloe vera) is used for internal injuries and the yellow sap from the cut Aloe vera leaf or the juice of Citrus limonia is used to purge the birds.
Lans 2007
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Determination of the medicinal plants used to treat endoparasites and stomach problems in dogs, cats and pigs in British Columbia, Canada indicates that stomach problems were treated with 15 plants including Aloe vera.
Lans 2007a
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A systematic review conducted to determine the efficacy of topical aloe vera for the treatment of burn wounds supports claim that aloe vera might be an effective interventions used in burn wound healing for first to second degree burns.
Maenthaisong 2007
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Among health care professionals who reported herb use, the most common herbs taken were green tea (24%), flax seed (18%), chamomile (11%), and aloe vera (8%).
Gardiner 2006
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Study on the ethnoveterinary medicines used for horses in Trinidad and in British Columbia, Canada indicates that Aloe vera, Curcuma longa and Ricinus communis are used in both research areas.
Lans 2006
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Review on ethnomedicines used in Trinidad and Tobago for urinary problems and diabetes mellitus shows that 21 plants including Aloe vera, Hibsicus sabdariffa, are used for hypertension.
Lans 2006a
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Survey of herbal use by Kansas and Wisconsin Women, Infants, and Children participants indicates that herbs most commonly used by children were aloe vera, chamomile, garlic, peppermint, lavender, cranberry, ginger, echinacea, and lemon.
Lohse 2006
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Hispanics in south Florida reported using herbs and herbal products at a higher rate than that those reported previously for the general population of the United States. Chamomile (58.5%) and aloe vera (45.3%) were used most frequently.
Ortiz 2006
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20 plant extracts have been widely used as topical applications for wound-healing, anti-aging, and disease treatments including ginkgo biloba, echinacea, ginseng, grape seed, green tea, lemon, lavender, rosemary, thuja, sarsaparilla, soy, prickly pear, sagebrush, jojoba and aloe vera.
Hsu 2005
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[Aloe vera gel: update for dentistry.]
Wynn 2005
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Herbal medicine use including echinacea [48%], aloe vera [30%], ginseng [28%], garlic [27%], and ginkgo biloba [22%] were the most common among surgical patients and are consistent with the substantial increase in the use of alternative medical therapies.
Adusumilli 2004
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Review on attitudes and beliefs among Mexican Americans about type 2 diabetes indicates that herbal therapies, such as prickly pear cactus (nopal) and aloe vera (savila) are effective treatments.
Coronado 2004
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Some plants including Ficus bengalensis, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Curcuma longa, Centella asiatica and Aloe vera, have been screened scientifically to evaluate their wound healing activity in different pharmacological models and patients, but the potential of most remains unexplored.
Biswas 2003
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Botanical medicines Centella asiatica and Aloe vera have been used for decades, both topically and internally, to enhance wound repair, and scientific studies are now beginning conducted to validate efficacy and explore mechanisms
MacKay 2003
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Hispanic or non-Hispanic whites aged between 65-74 years revealed that half of them had used herbal medicines like spearmint, chamomile, aloe vera, garlic, brook-mint, osha, lavender, ginger, ginseng, and camphor.
Zeilmann 2003
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77% of population in United States-Mexico border city have been found to use Complementary and alternative medicine. One of the common herbal remedy was aloe vera (8.5%).
Rivera 2002
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Mexican women living in the United States were found to use herbal therapies of traditional Mexican culture, including manzanilla (chamomile), savila (aloe vera), ajo (garlic), una de gato (cat's claw), and yerba buena (spearmint).
Zenk 2001
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Aloe vera, Bryophyllum pinnatum, Citrus sp. and Momordica charantia were
the main medicinal plants being used for poultry health problems in Trinidad
and Tobago
Lans 1998
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100 adults in managed care surveyed about herbal use found that the most
used are aloe vera, honey, peppermint, garlic, eucalyptus, and rose hips
Brown 1991
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Traditional medicinals entering modern health include Ammi visnaga,
Cymbopogon proximus, Nigella sativa, Aloe vera, Urginea maritima,
Phytolacca americana, Euphorbia sp., Glycyrrhiza glabra, Cynara scolymus
and Solanum laciniatum
Sayed 1980
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Monograph in "A Modern Herbal" by Mrs. M. Grieve at
botanical.com
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Adverse Effects & Toxicity
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Ingestion of Aloe vera is associated with diarrhea, electrolyte imbalance, kidney dysfunction, and conventional drug interactions; episodes of contact dermatitis, erythema, and phototoxicity have been reported from topical applications.
Boudreau 2006
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[Aloe vera-induced acute toxic hepatitis in a healthy young man.]
Kanat 2006
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Threshold limit value is based on inhalable fraction and is applicable for dusts that are insoluble or poorly soluble & have low toxicity, which may have limited protective ability due to the irritant nature of certain dusts (e.g. aloe vera).
Lacey 2006
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Patch testing of 702 consecutive patients with an oily extract from the leaves, Aloe pulvis from the entire plant and concentrated Aloe vera gel indicates that none of the subjects showed any reaction to these preparations.
Reider 2005
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[Aggravation of preexisting dermatosis with aloe vera.]
Uppal 2003
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39-year-old liver transplant patient who took a laxative containing aloe for ten months, developed melanosis coli. One year after stopping the anthranoid, the pigments disappeared but a polypoid lesion appeared.
Willems 2003
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The FDA?s final ruling states that the stimulant laxative ingredients of aloe (including aloe extract and aloe flower extract) in over-the- counter (OTC) drug products are not generally recognized as safe and effective, or are misbranded.
FDA 2002
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Life-long Aloe vera ingestion does not cause any obvious harmful and deleterious side effects in SPF Fisher rats and could also be beneficial for the prevention of age-related pathology.
Ikeno 2002
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A 47-year-old South African, developed acute oliguric renal failure and liver dysfunction after ingestion of an herbal remedy, found by Mass spectrometric and chromatographic analysis, to contain Cape aloes.
Luyckx
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The anthraquinones aloe-emodin, emodin and rhein were found to be phototoxic in vitro. Probable mechanism may be through the involvement of singlet oxygen and stable photoproducts.
Vargas 2002
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Aloe emodin was found to generate singlet oxygen when irradiated with UV light and this photochemical mechanism is the most likely pathway responsible for the phototoxicity of Aloe emodin.
Vath 2002
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In Ovalbumin sensitized rat models treated intranasally with aloe vera there was differentiation of CD4+ lymphocytes, mediated through regulating the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines. Aloe vera treatment may be a selective method to treat allergic rhinitis. [Article in Chinese]
Yu 2002
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Medium Lethal Concentrations (LC50 value) of Aloe vera (L.) obtained from Artemia salina L. the brine shrimp larva, was equivalent to in vivo LD50 value done in mice and this could be an alternative method for predicting acute toxicity of plant extracts.
Logarto Parra 2001
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Popular remedies that can cause dermatological side-effects include St John's Wort, kava, aloe vera, eucalyptus, camphor, henna and yohimbine.
Ernst 2000
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Inhibition of the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II contributes to anthraquinone (emodin, danthron, and aloe-emodin) induced genotoxicity and mutagenicity.
Mueller 1999
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Immunosuppressed mice treated with the whole extract of Aloe vera (L) achieved restoration of immunological parameters in cellular immune response and phagocytosis but not humoral immunity.
Oronzo-Barocio 1999
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Formulations of acemannan as a denture adhesive were evaluated for pH changes and adhesive strength in dry and wet conditions. They had some
cytotoxicity to human gingival fibroblasts
Tello 1998
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Toxic low mol. wt compounds of Aloe vera gel, induced disruption of intercellular junctions of chicken fibroblasts and inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Avila
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Data from animal, human metabolism or kinetic studies, clinical trials and rodent carcinogenicity studies do not support concern that emodin and aloe-emodin poses a genotoxic risk to humans under prescribed use conditions.
Brusick 1997
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Tk-mutations in mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells were induced by emodin,
danthron and aloe-emodin. They also inhibited topoisomerase II-mediated
decatenation
Muller 1996
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Dimethylhydrazine-induced colorectal tumors in male mice were not promoted
by aloin- or sennoside-enriched diets (0.03%)
Siegers 1993
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Acemannan showed no toxicity at 5% of rat diet for 2 weeks or 2 gm/kg to
rats for 6 months or 1.5 gm/kg to dogs for 3 months
Fogelman 1992b
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No significant toxicity were found with acemannan at 80 mg/kg iv or 200
mg/kg ip in mice, 15 mg/kg iv or 50 mg/kg ip in rats, and 10 mg/kg iv or 50
mg/kg ip in dogs. Increased macrophages & monocytes were observed
Fogleman 1992a
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The LD50 values in mice vary from <250 to >1500 mg/kg IP. In rats there was CNS depression. Post mortem findings showed haemorrhagic lesions. Several rats died within 36 hours of injection, but no abortifacient activity was seen.
Parry 1992
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Burning sensation was experienced by 4 adults after application of aloe vera or
vitamin E preparations to skin that had been subjected to a chemical peel or
dermabrasion
Hunter 1991
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Contact dermatitis to Aloe arborescens (No abstract.
Shoji 1982
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A 47 year old man exhibited hypersensitivity after 4 years of oral and topical
aloe
Morrow 1980
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[Acute bullous allergic dermatitis due to local application of aloe leaves]
[Article in Russian] (No abstract)
Savchak 1977
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[Case of an allergic reaction to the administration of aloe juice into the nose] [Article in Russian] (No abstract
Diba 1974
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[Anaphylactic shock after injection of aloe] [Article in Russian] (No abstract)
Trakhtenberg 1970
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Warning it might cause nausea & dermatitis but no references
U Arizona
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Interactions
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The effect of Aloe on the human absorption of vitamins C and E, is reported. The plasma bioavailability of vitamins C and E were determined in normal fasting subjects, vitamin C (8 Subjects)and vitamin E (ten subjects). Aloe was found to increase the absorption of both of these vitamins.
Vinson 2005
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A 35-year-old woman lost 5 L of blood during surgery as a result of a possible herb-drug interaction between Aloe vera and sevoflurane.
Lee 2004
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A Review of herbal medication revealed aloe latex to interact with corticosteriods.
Abebe 2003
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Aloin may get metabolized to aloe-emodin (a quinone aglycone) after its ingestion, which may cause acceleration of the ethanol metabolism in rats in vivo.
Chung 1996
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Aloe caused a faster elimination of ethanol from blood of normal rats by preventing the effects of ethanol in decreasing the microsomal enzyme activities relating to its own metabolism
Sakai 1989
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Aloes treatment revealed antimetastatic properties, reduction of tumor mass, metastatic foci and metastasis frequency. It also potentiates the antitumor effect of 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide. [Article in Russian]
Gribel 1986
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Animal Studies
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An Evaluation of antioxidant, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extracts from Aloe saponaria HawIt showed that ethanol extracts of aloe may be useful as a functional food or as a drug against reactive oxygen species mediated diseases.
Yoo 2008
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Study on the effect of Aloe vera leaf pulp extract on Ehrlich ascites tumors in mice shows that A. vera could be proposed as a prophylactic for cancer prevention.
Akev 2007
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The prophylactic effect of the main lectin present in Aloe vera leaf pulp extract (Aloctin I) was assayed against Ehrlich ascites tumors in mice and the results suggest that the tumor preventive effect of Aloctin I could be due to its immunomodulatory activity.
Akev 2007a
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The antitumor-promoting activity of Aloe vera on 2-stage skin carcinogenesis, induced by topical application of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and promoted by treatment of croton oil for 16 weeks in Swiss albino mice was evaluated and its Chemopreventive potential confirmed.
Chaudhary 2007
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A study to evaluate the effect of hydrochloric extract of Tectona grandis on experimentally induced wounds in rats and compare the effects observed with a known wound healing agent, Aloe vera found the leaf extract possesses wound healing activity.
Majumdar 2007
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The effect of an extract from Aloe vera gel containing a high concentration of polyphenols on experimentally induced insulin resistance in mice was investigated which revealed that Aloe vera gel could be effective for the control of insulin resistance.
P?z 2007
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Examination of the effect of ethanolic extract from Aloe vera leaf gel on membrane bound phosphatases & lysosomal hydrolases in liver & kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats showed that it possesses a significant beneficial effect on membrane bound phosphatases & lysosomal hydrolases.
Rajasekaran 2007
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Administration of nanomolar concentrations of aloe vera-based drag-reducing polymers prolonged survival time in rat model with acute myocardial ischaemia.
Sakai 2007
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Antidiabetic effects of administration of Aloe arborescens Miller & Aloe vera Linne from 31 days before to 73 days after the streptozotocin (Sz) injections in mice were evaluated and showed the aloe phenol compound had an antioxidant activity that could protect islets of Langerhans.
Beppu 2006
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The effects of Aloe vera & sucralfate on gastric micro-circulatory changes, cytokine levels & gastric ulcer healing were compared in 48 male Spraque-Dawley rats revealing that Aloe vera treatment can reduce leukocyte adherence & TNF-alpha level, elevate IL-10 level & promote ulcer healing.
Eamlamnam 2006
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The lipid lowering activity of chitosan associated with Aloe vera L. or hydrosoluble chitosan with Brassica olearaceae L. was studied in rats and showed that all these treatments reduced blood lipid levels.
Geremias 2006
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Investigation of the anti-inflammatory effects of Aloe vera on leukocyte-endothelium in gastric microcirculation of Helicobacter pylori-infected rats revealed that treatment with A. vera reduced leukocyte adhesion & TNF-alpha and caused enhancement in leukocyte-endothelium interaction.
Prabjone 2006
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The potential anti-hyperlipidaemic efficacy of the ethanolic extract from Aloe vera leaf gel in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was examined. Results provide a scientific rationale for the use of Aloe vera as an antidiabetic agent.
Rajasekaran 2006
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Study suggests that Aloe vera gel and phytosterols derived from Aloe vera gel decreased hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in type 2 diabetic mice and may have a long-term blood glucose level control effect and would be useful for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Tanaka 2006
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With single dose irradiation, neither dexpanthenol nor Aloe vera extract significantly changed the oral mucosal radiation response in mouse tongue mucosal ulceration.
D?2005
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Simultaneous supplementation of Aloe vera protects against arsenic induced oxidative stress but does not influence the arsenic concentration in the organs of rats.
Gupta 2005
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Oral administration of Aloe vera gel extract at a concentration of 300 mg/kg to diabetic rats significantly decreased the levels of blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and increased hemoglobin and results clearly show the antioxidant property of Aloe vera gel extract.
Rajasekaran 2005
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A study designed to evaluate the potential antioxidative activity of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera leaf gel in the plasma & pancreas of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats showed that ethanolic extract appeared to be more effective than glibenclamide in controlling oxidative stress.
Rajasekaran 2005a
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An attempt to analyze the inorganic elements present in Aloe vera leaf gel and their role on diabetes-related biochemical alterations in experimental rats, clearly indicated the presence of several hypoglycemic activity possessing elements in the gel.
Rajasekaran 2005b
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The administration of Aloe gel extract and glibenclamide in streptozotocin-induced type-II diabetic rats, decreased serum urea and creatinine levels in comparison to diabetic controls.
Bolkent 2004
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Study found Aloe gel extract has a protective effect in rat models comparable to glibenclamide against hepatotoxicity produced by diabetes if used in the treatment of type-II diabetes.
Can 2004
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The effects of blood-soluble drag reducing polymers, from Aloe vera on blood circulation were tested in rats exposed to acute hemorrhagic shock suggesting that the drag-reducing polymers need to be further investigated as potential agents for hemorrhagic shock & microcirculatory disorders.
Kameneva 2004
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Study found resuscitation with a small volume of aloe vera-derived drag-reducing polymers prolongs survival in rats with lethal hemorrhagic shock.
Macias 2004
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Examination of the attenuating effect of extracts of Withania somnifera and Aloe vera on prevention of hippocampal and cortical cell degenerations induced by streptozotocin in mice showed that supplementation of these plant extracts attenuated oxidative damage.
Parihar 2004
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An attempt to evaluate the presence of hypoglycemic activity in the alcoholic extract of Aloe vera gel on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in experimental rats showed that A. vera extract maintains glucose homeostasis by controlling the carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes.
Rajasekaran 2004
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The effects of Aloe preparation containing 80% Aloe gel on gastric acid, pepsin & mucus secretion (MS) were evaluated in histamine-induced rat gastric fistula model by comparison to effects of placebo & fresh aloe gel which showed that Aloe preparation inhibited gastric acid, stimulated pepsin & MS.
Suvitayavat 2004
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Aloe vera is endowed with gastric acid anti-secretory activity and could protect the gastric mucosa at low concentrations against injurious agents in rats.
Yusuf 2004
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Investigation of the effects of Aloe vera on microcirculation & levels of TNF-alpha & IL-6 in 72 male Wistar Furth rats after inducing burn, showed that Aloe vera could inhibit the inflammatory process following burn injury, by reducing leukocyte adhesion & pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Duansak 2003
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Evaluation of possible protective effects of an antioxidant preparation based on Aloe vera & ubiquinol, against intestinal inflammatory lesions in a rat model of DSS-induced colitis showed that oxidative stress parameters were improved by pre-treatment with antioxidant preparation.
Korkina 2003
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Life-long intake of aloe had superior anti-oxidative action against lipid peroxidation in vivo, as indicated by reduced levels of hepatic phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide in rats.
Lim 2003
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Retardation of wound healing by silver sulfadiazine is reversed by Aloe vera and nystatin in rats.
Muller 2003
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A study to evaluate the role of Aloe vera on antioxidant status in different tissues of animals with whole body exposed to 7 Gy gamma radiations, delivered as a shot dose, showed Aloe vera could be an useful adjunct for maintaining the integrity of antioxidant status.
Saada 2003
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Freeze-dried whole leaves of Aloe arborescens var. natalensis when given with food (5%) to rats, inhibited azoxymethane induced DNA adduct (O(6)-methylguanine and reduced CYP2E1 enzymatic activity.
Shimpo 2003
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Brotizolam, acetylcysteine and aloe vera gel were evaluated as ancillary treatments for 29 cases of equine grass sickness. None of the treatments had any significant beneficial effect on the survival of the horses.
Fintl 2002
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Relative importance of Bacopa monnieri (200 mg/kg), Aegle marmelos (1.00 g/kg) & Aloe vera (125 mg/kg) leaf extracts in the regulation of thyroid hormone concentrations in male mice was investigated showing that serum levels of both T(3) & T(4) were inhibited by A. vera.
Kar 2002
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Pharmacodynamics
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The cytotoxic effects of 1,8-di-O-alkylaloe-emodin derivatives on less P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-expressing HCT 116 cells and stably P-gp-expressing Hep G2 cells were evaluated by performing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.
Cui 2008
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Aloe vera, saliva & tea tree oil impregnated dressing were applied as first aid to a porcine deep dermal contact burn, compared to a control of nothing and found that it cannot be recommended for the first aid treatment of partial thickness burns.
Cuttle 2008
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It was shown that barbaloin, a bioactive glycosilated 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone present in several exudates from plants, such as Aloe vera interacts with dimyristoyl-phosphatidyl-glycerol model membranes, altering the bilayer structure.
Duarte 2008
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It has been found that Aloe vera leaf exudate shows promising antileishmanial activity and may provide a new lead agent in the treatment of Leishmaniasis.
Dutta 2008
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It was established that the anticancer effect of aloe-emodin, a hydroxyanthraquinone found in Aloe vera, on gastric cancer cells involves suppression of c-myc expression.
Guo 2008
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It is suggested that the possible mechanistic explanation for the inhibitory effect of Aloe-emodin on metastasis potential in vitro is involved in focal adhesion kinase expression.
He 2008
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The antiviral activity of aloe-emodin against Japanese encephalitis virus & enterovirus 71 was evaluated using dose-& time-dependent plaque reduction assays in HL-CZ cells &T E-671 cells which showed time-dependent actions of aloe-emodin on inhibition of JEV & EV71 replication via IFN signalling.
Lin 2008
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Acetylcholinesterase and butyry-lcholinesteraseinhibitory activities of 7 coumarin derivatives, 2 anthroquinone derivatives [rhein and aloe-emodine] and 1 stilbene, rhapontin, were tested by the spectrophotometric method of Ellman using an ELISA microplate-reader at 1 mg mL(-1).
Orhan 2008
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Study suggests that consumption of a dietary supplement, Aloe vera, may alter the production of short chain fatty acids by human intestinal microflora.
Pogribna 2008
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Docking studies carried out with different herbal ligands suggest that, aloe-emodin and nimbin are the best herbal candidates to replace the synthetic drugs 'thiolactomycin/cerulenin'.
Ramesh 2008
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The use of Aloe vera, seems to have a promising role in the modulation of Salmonella OmpR mediated inflammation.
Rishi 2008
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[Comment on "Aloe-emodin induces in vitro G2/M arrest and alkaline phosphatase activation in human oral cancer KB cells" [Xiao B, Guo J, Liu D, Zhang S. Oral Oncol 2007;43(9):905-10].]
Stokes 2008
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The aqueous extract of Aloe barbadensis is significantly capable of restoring integrity of hepatocytes indicated by improvement in physiological parameters, excretory capacity (BSP retention) of hepatocytes and also by stimulation of bile flow secretion.
Chandan 2007
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The anticancer effect of aloe-emodin, an anthraquinone compound present in the leaves of Aloe vera, on 2 distinct human gastric carcinoma cell lines, AGS & NCI-N87 was shown to be a suitable and novel chemo-therapeutic drug candidate for the treatment of human gastric carcinoma.
Chen 2007
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The potential of Aloe Vera juice as a skin permeation enhancer was determined in vitro and the extent to which Aloe Vera itself permeates the skin was probed.
Cole 2007
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It is indicated that Aloe vera leaf exudate, via its direct leishmanicidal activity which can be further enhanced by activation of host macrophages, is an effective antileishmanial agent meriting further pharmacological investigations.
Dutta 2007
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It was demonstrated that, in promastigotes of Leishmania donovani (IC(50) = 110 microg ml(-1)), Aloe vera leaf exudate mediates this leishmanicidal effect by triggering a programmed cell death.
Dutta 2007a
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A simple in vitro assay was designed to determine the effect of the inner gel on bacterial-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production, namely TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta, from peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with Shigella flexneri or LPS.
Habeeb 2007
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The antimicrobial properties of the inner leaf gel component of Aloe barbadensis Miller has been used in a number of different, simple in vitro assays to establish a scientific basis for the potential use of Aloe vera on a range of clinically relevant bacteria.
Habeeb 2007a
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Aloin from Aloe vera showed a pronounced antiproliferative effect at physiological concentration (IC50 = 97 microM), caused cell cycle arrest in the S phase and markedly increased HeLaS3 cell apoptosis (to 24%).
Ni?orovi?007
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Aloe vera fresh leaves hydroalcoholic plant extract was tested against the mycelial growth of Botrytis gladiolorum, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli, Heterosporium pruneti and Penicillium gladioli on Czapek-agar medium.
Rosca-Casian 2007
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It is indicated that aloe-emodin (AE), a hydroxyanthraquinone from Aloe vera and other plants can behave both as an anti-tumor and an anti-angiogenic compound and suggests that AE could be a candidate drug for photodynamic therapy.
C?enas 2006
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3 novel maloyl glucans veracylglucan A,B,C were isolated from aloe vera gel and characterized using NMR spectroscopy, ESIMS, MALDITOF-MS & capillary electrophoresis. In vitro bioassays indicated that Veracylglucan B and C are antagonistic and competitive in their effects on cell proliferation.
Esua 2006
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The protective effect of fresh aloe vera leaves extract on lindane - induced hepatoxicity and genotoxicity was studied which revealed a decrease in the serum levels of GPT (by 41.8%),
GOT (by 36.5%), GGT (by 14.3%) and ALP (by 10.7%).
Etim 2006
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It has been shown that biological response modifiers can be cytokines which are produced endogenously in our body by immune cells or derivatives of bacteria, fungi, brown algae, Aloe vera and photosynthetic plants.
Leung 2006
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Aloe-emodin, purified from aloe vera leaves, induced apoptosis in T24 cells and is mediated through the activation of p53, p21, Fas/APO-1, Bax and caspase-3.
Lin 2006
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The macrophage activation by polysaccharide biological response modifier isolated from Aloe vera L. var. chinensis (Haw.) Berg was demonstrated.
Liu 2006
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The polysaccharide from Aloe Vera might be beneficial to the protection of epithelial cells by promoting cell proliferation through inducing the progression of epidermal cells from phase G0/G1 into G2/M and S phases.
Xu 2006
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Determination of the inhibitory effect of Aloe vera extracts on partially purified lipoxygenase from the rat lung cytosol fraction, and quantitative determination of the trace elements presented in the extract (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) was carried out by using x-ray fluorescence analysis. [Article in Slovak]
Bez?v?005
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The effects of polysaccharides of Aloe Barbadensis on release of cytokines & nitric oxide in cultured human keratinocytes was investigated and showed Aloe poly-saccharide promoted keratinocytes to secrete TGF-alpha,beta1, IL-1beta, 6, 8 & TNF& inhibited release of NO. [Article in Chinese]
Chen 2005
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Solcoseryl, ketanserin, tripeptide- and tetrapeptide-copper complexes, maltodextrin, live yeast cell derivative, corticosteroids, aloe vera, acemannan, phenytoin, honey, sugar, and maggots may modify the wound environment and promote repair.
Dart 2005
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Immunomodulatory activities of modified Aloe polysaccharide preparations from the gel of Aloe vera were examined on a mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 cells, and in ICR strain of mouse implanted with sarcoma 180 cells.
Im 2005
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Among 22 crude ethanolic extracts from 14 indigenous medicinal plants subjected to enzyme inhibition screening against acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase & lipoxygenase enzymes, most significant inhibition activities were found in 7 extracts including Aloe vera (leaves).
Khattak 2005
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The apoptosis pathway induced by aloe emodin, an hydroxyanthraquinone present in aloe vera leaves, in rat hepatic stellate cells transformed by simian virus 40 (t-HSC/Cl-6), which retain the features of activated rat stellate cells, was clarified.
Lian 2005
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The biological effects of Aloe vera pulp extract, associated or not to UVA radiation, on Escherichia coli-deficient repair mutants and plasmid DNA, in order to test its genotoxic potential, was investigated.
Paes-Leme 2005
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It was determined that cancer growth inhibition by aloe-emodin purified from Aloe vera leaves was due to apoptosis (i.e., programmed cell death) and represents a novel antitumor chemotherapeutic drug.
Acevedo-Duncan 2004
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A combination of aloe vera, curcumin, vitamin C, and taurine increases canine fibroblast migration and decreases tritiated water diffusion across canine keratinocytes in vitro.
Fray 2004
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The beneficial effects of an Aloe vera derived drag-reducing polymer during hemorrhagic shock is due to its O2 radical scavenging properties or to changes in blood rheology.
Gutierrez 2004
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Analysis of major proteins and mono- and polysaccharides identified from Aloe vera commercial extract showed that they are a necessary component in the study of biological activity of Aloe vera leaf extract. [Article in Slovak]
Kost?v?004
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The anti-inflammatory actions of aloe vera gel in vitro provide support for the proposal that it may have a therapeutic effect in inflammatory bowel disease.
Langmead 2004
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The potency of aloe polysaccharide fraction increases as mannose content and molecular weight of the polysaccharide fraction increase.
Leung 2004
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The anti-microbial evaluation of the Nigerian traditional soft soaps was done with and without incorporation of Aloe vera and Ageratum conyzoides extractives into the soap samples.
Moody 2004
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A significant hematopoietic activity by both pharmacologic and molecular analysis using a >99% pure carbohydrate fraction from Aloe vera gels was revealed.
Talmadge 2004
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Reports on seven Chinese herbs including, (Aloe vera Mill. (Aloaceae), Angelica species (Umbelliferae), with emphasis to their immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities were reviewed.
Tan 2004
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Aloe vera stimulates gap junctional intercellular communication and proliferation of human skin fibroblasts in diabetes mellitus. It contains a compound that neutralizes and binds with FGF-2 receptor.
Abdullah 2003
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Aloe gel and aloins inhibited Clostridium histolyticum collagenase reversibly and non-competitively and also activity of human stimulated granulocyte matrix metallooproteinases, destabilizing their structure.
Barrantes 2003
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Radical-scavenging effects of Aloe arborescens Miller prevented pancreatic islet B-cell destruction caused by specific pancreatic islet toxins such as Sz, Ax, and HX-XO in rats.
Beppu 2003
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Aloe-emodin affects mice leukemia cells N-Acetyltransferases activity, gene expression (NAT1 mRNA) and DNA-AF on adduct formation.
Chung 2003
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In vitro susceptibilities of Shigella flexneri and Streptococcus pyogenes to inner gel of Aloe barbadensis Miller are described.
Ferro 2003
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Propionibacterium induced reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes are inhibited by Azadirachta indica and some other herbs but not by Aloe vera.
Jain 2003
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S-100 proteins identified from Aloe, plantain and bilberry inserted membranotropic effect and increased cell growth rate in extremely low doses in short-term tissue culture of mouse's liver in vitro. [Article in Russian]
Krasnov 2003
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Aloe-emodin treatment results in translocation of tumor suppressor gene p53, to the mitochondria inter-membrane space in neuroblastoma cell lines and it could also kill tumor cells harboring p53 mutant genes.
Pecere 2003
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Molecules from Aloe vera are known to possess both mast cell stabilizing and gastrointestinal cytoprotective activity.
Penissi 2003
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A glycoprotein (14 kDa) isolated from Aloe vera gel showed radical scavenging activity against superoxide anion, inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 and reduction of thromboxane A 2 synthase.
Yagi 2003
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Expression of p38 protein is an important determinant of apoptotic death induced by aloe-emodin in human lung nonsmall cell carcinoma cell line.
Yeh 2003
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The isolation of an angiogenic component beta-sitosterol from A. vera and examination of its effect upon damaged blood vessels of the Mongolian gerbil was reported.
Choi 2002
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Aloe-emodin inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in two human liver cancer cell lines. Mechanisms involved are i) cell cycle arrest in G1 phase and ii) increase in Fas/APO1 receptor and Bax expression.
Kuo 2002
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1,4-naphthoquinone-induced toxicity in rat cultured hepatocytes was inhibited by aloe extract, and this protective effect was due to maintenance of cellular thiols, especially protein-SH.
Norikura 2002
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Aloe emodin was found to be nontoxic for normal cells but to possess specific toxicity for neuroectodermal tumor cells of Merkel cell carcinoma cell line.
Wasserman 2002
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Aaloesin derivatives, isorabaichromone, feruloylaloesin and p-coumaroylaloesin showed antioxidant activity, DPPH radical and superoxide anion scavenging activities and also inhibited cyclooxygenase (Cox)-2.
Yagi 2002
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A glycoprotein fraction is involved in the wound-healing effect of aloe vera via cell proliferation and migration which was confirmed by three-dimensional raft culture model and in hairless mice.
Choi 2001
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Acemannan could induce maturation of immature dendritic cells which was supported by increased allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction and IL-12 production and abolished by chemical sulfation.
Lee 2001
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A basic peroxidase was identified in commercial gel of Aloe barbadensis with activity localised in the vascular system of inner aqueous leaf parenchyma. It may scavenge H2O2 in skin surface.
Esteban 2000
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Diethylhexylphthalate isolated from Aloe vera Linne has potent antileukaemic effect (10 microg mL), on human leukaemic cells.
Lee 2000
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Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate isolated from Aloe vera Linne, showed anti-mutagenic effects in Salmonella typhimurium strains and anti-tumour effects against three leukaemic cell lines.
Lee 2000a
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Cellulase modified Aloe polysaccharide activated, macrophage cells and stimulated fibroblast growth while, native Aloe barbadensis gel had no effect on macrophage activation.
Qiu 2000
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Alprogen purified from aloe inhibits multiple signals as well as blocking Ca(2+) influx caused by, mast cells activated with specific antigen-antibody reactions, followed by inhibition of histamine and leukotriene release.
Ro 2000
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Different extracts of Aloe and isolated pure components were screened for antifungal activity and evaluated for toxicity against Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium herbarum and Fusarium moniliforme.
Ali 1999
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Efects of Aloe vera on neurotransmission process of crayfish Neuro Muscular Junction preparation suggest that these effects may partially account for Aloe's analgesic and antiinflammatory effects.
Friedman 1999
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Polysaccharides of Aloe barbadensis Miller and some other plants produced both anti-genotoxic and anti-tumor promoting activities in in vitro models and, considered as potential agents for cancer chemoprevention.
Kim 1999
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A Beta-sitosterol from Aloe vera gel showed i) angiogenic activity in
chorioallantoic membrane of chick embryo, ii)in the presence of heparin, neovascularization in mouse Matrigel plug assay and iii) motility of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in wound migration assay.
Moon 1999
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Effect of aloes and biotritis, on lipid peroxidation in parodontium tissues revealed biotritis has a more considerable parodontoprotective effect than aloes[Article in Russian].
Volik 1999
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In vitro angiogenic activity assay revealed a fraction of Aloe vera gel increased proliferation of calf pulmonary artery endothelial cells and induced these cells to invade type 1 collagen gel to form capillary-like tube.
Lee 1998
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Aloesin stimulates proliferation of cultured human hepatoma SK-HEP-1 cells by inducing intracellular cyclin E/CDK2 kinase complex and CDC25A, there by up-regulates cyclin E-dependent kinase activity.
Lee 1997
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Aloe vera gel contains at least two small molecular weight immunomodulators that may prevent UV-B rays induced immune suppression in skin.
Lee 1997a
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Short term exposure of resident murine peritoneal macrophages with acemannan upregulates respiratory burst, phagocytosis and candidicidal activity.
Stuart 1997
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Glycoprotein fraction prepared from leaf gel of Aloe barbadensis Mill. promoted cell growth, while neutral polysaccharide fraction did not show any growth stimulation.
Yagi 1997
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7.5% and 10% lyophilized Aloe barbadensis proved to be spermicidal due to micro elements which were toxic to tail causing immobilization of spermatozoa but produced no irritation or ulceration of rabbit vaginal epithelium.
Fahim 1996
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Acemannan stimulates mouse macrophage cytokine production, nitric oxide release, surface molecule expression, and cell morphologic changes suggesting it may function through macrophage activation.
Zhang 1996
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Cultures of chicken spleen cells and HD11 line cells produce nitric oxide in response to Acemannan which may be mediated through macrophage mannose receptors and accountable for the immunomodulatory effects.
Karaca 1995
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A lectin (35 kDa) isolated from leaf skin of Aloe arborescens showed hemagglutinating activity in rabbit erythrocytes and strong mitogenic activity towards mouse lymphocytes.
Koike1995
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20.8 micrograms/mL of aqueous extract of Aloe barbadensis Miller inhibited within 24 hours 50% of Trichomonas vaginalis. Similar results were obtained at 48, and 72 hours, with a lower concentration.[Article in Spanish].
Rojas 1995
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Aloe extract and purified Aloe emodin inactivated herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus, pseudorabies virus and influenza virus except adenovirus and rhinovirus.
Sydiskis 1991
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Low -molecular constituents of an aqueous gel-extract inhibit release of reactive oxygen species by PMA-stimulated human PMN leucocytes which may be due diminished availability of intracellular free Ca-ions.
't Hart 1990
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An anti-complementary polysaccharide with immunological adjuvant activity was isolated from leaf parenchyma gel of Aloe vera which inhibited the opsonization of zymosan.
t'Hart 1989
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Upon ultrafiltration of Aloe vera gel, high molecular fraction obtained, depleted both classical and alternative pathway complement activity but low- molecular fraction could only inhibit PMN leucocytes medicated actions.
Hart 1988
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Aloin and aloe-emodin present in the dry aloe extract inhibited protein biosynthesis in vitro by affecting the [14C]-leucine incorporation into proteins.
Paszkiewicz-Gadek 1988
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A glycoprotein containing 34% carbohydrate was isolated from Aloe arborescens which stimulated DNA synthesis in baby hamster kidney cells and also had lectin like action and reacted with sheep blood cells.
Yagi 1985
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Two lectins isolated from Aloe arborescens Mill. One has hemagglutinating activity; other has hemagglutinating activity, mitogenic activity ,serum proteins precipitating activity, and complement C3 activating activity.
Suzuki 1979
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[The effects of prednisolone, indomethacin, and Aloe vera gel on tissue culture cells].
Brasher 1969
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[Investigations of antibacterial activity in the aloe].
Bruce 1967
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[Studies on anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities of Cape aloe] [Article in Japanese].
Soeda 1966
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Analytical Chemistry
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Eleven compounds including aloe emodin, rhein & gallic acid were isolated and identified from Xiaochengqi decoction. [Article in Chinese]
Fan 2008
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Near infrared spectroscopy based on effective wavelengths and chemometrics was proposed to discriminate the varieties of fruit vinegars including aloe, apple, lemon and peach vinegars.
Liu 2008
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Four new chromone glycosides including allo-aloeresin D and 9 known chromone glycosides were isolated from two Aloe spp. plants, A. vera and A. nobilis and evaluated for inhibitory activity against BACE1 (beta-secretase) Their structure-activity relationships were also discussed.
Lv 2008
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A series of highly purified galacturonate polysaccharides have been extracted from the Aloe vera plant and analyzed in terms of chemical composition and molecular weight.
McConaughy 2008
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A reliable HPLC method for simultaneous determination of the eight markers including naringin, hesperidin, aloe emodin, rhein, in Dachengqi Tang was developed.
Tang 2008
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A reverse phase ultra performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the rapid quantification of five anthraquinone derivatives including aloe-emodin, rhein & emodin, in rhubarb using a Waters Acquity BEH C18, 50 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 microm column.
Wang 2008
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The ultrasonic nebulization extraction was developed and applied to extract anthraquinones (emodin, aloe-emodin and rhein) from Rheum palmatum L.
Wang 2008a
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A rapid, accurate and reliable analytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 5 major anthraquinones, aloe-emodin, chrysophanol, emodin, physcion, and rhein, in radix Polygoni multiflori, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine.
Zuo 2008
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The dried flowers from Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Mill.) were analyzed by means of HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS/MS & the hydrophilic antioxidative capacity amounted to 85.7-94.9 micromol TEAC/g dried Aloe vera flower and directly correlated with the polyphenol and flavonoid contents.
Keyhanian 2007
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The anthrone-C-glucosyls aloin A and B, 5-hydroxyaloin A, 10-hydroxyaloin A and B were separated by Micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography method and successfully transferred to the analysis of the two European Pharmacopoeia drugs Cape aloes and Cura? aloes.
Liebold 2007
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Nutrient and antinutritional/toxic factors present in some edible flowers including Agave salmiana, Aloe vera, etc. consumed in Mexico were determined and their chemical score calculated.
Sotelo 2007
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Study on the chemical constituents from the leaves of Cassia angustifolia showed that a number of compounds were isolated from it including aloe emodin. [Article in Chinese]
Wu 2007
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Examination of the photochemical properties of two Aloe vera whole leaf extracts that differed in their anthraquinone content suggest that humans exposed to products that contain Aloe vera whole leaf extracts may have enhanced sensitivity to ultraviolet light.
Xia 2007
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Two new dihydrocoumarin derivatives, compounds 1 and 2, were isolated from Aloe vera. Their structures were determined by X-ray crystallographic diffraction analysis and extensive 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopic data.
Zhang 2006
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A quick, quantitative colorimetric assay developed for the determination of glucomannan in aloe gel and products was described.
Eberendu 2005
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Kumariasava- an ayurvedic formulation containing Aloe vera as one of the main ingredients has been standardized based upon chromatographic and spectral studies. Aloin could be used as possible marker compound for standardization of Kumariasava.
Elamthuruthy 2005
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High-speed countercurrent chromatography is reported for preparative isolation & purification of aloe chromone from aloe vera & finally identified as cinnamoyl-C-glycoside chromone by UV fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance(1H NMR& 13C NMR). [Article in Chinese]
Pan 2005
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The polysaccharide isolated by alcohol precipitation of Aloe vera mucilaginous gel was found to have a Man:Glc:Gal:GalA:Fuc:Ara:Xyl ratio of 120:9:6:3:2:2:1 with traces of Rha and GlcA.
Tai-Nin Chow 2005
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Chemical analysis reveals that Aloe vera contains various carbohydrate polymers, notably glucomannans, along with a range of other organic and inorganic components.
Eshun 2004
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The contents of the organic germanium in Aloe vera from different localities were determined by spectrophotometric methods and the linear range of determination was 0-0.7 microg/ml. [Article in Chinese]
Hou 2004
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Pulp structure & isolated structural components of inner gel of Aloe vera L. leaf were examined and their carbohydrate compositions along with analyzing a partially purified pulp-based product (Acemannan hydrogel) used to make Carrisyn hydrogel wound dressing was determined.
Ni 2004
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A blind study of 32 Aloe vera samples from different manufacturers & a prepared sample of fresh A. vera gel with commercial, biologic drug Acemannan Immunostimulant TM, were analyzed for content of high molecular weight material by size exclusion chromatography, yielding variation in results.
Turner 2004
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The aloin content in callus of Aloe vera var. chinensis was determined by means of HPLC and TLC. [Article in Chinese]
Wang 2004
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A capillary electrophoretic assay for determining aloe-emodin, methyl p-coumarate, and 3,4-dihydro-6,8-dihydroxyl-[(3s)-2'-acetyl-3'-hydroxyl-5'-methoxy-benzyl]-isocoumarin in Aloe vera has been developed.
Yang 2004
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A HPLC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of five hydroxyanthraquinones (aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion) in medicinal materials and experiment samples
Ding 2003
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Three-year-old Aloe vera contained significantly higher levels of polysaccharides and flavonoids than two- and four-year-old Aloe vera, and extract of three-year-old Aloe vera exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity.
Hu 2003
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Two major metabolites, 10-hydroxyaloin B and deacetyllittoraloin were identified
in Aloe littoralis by high-performance liquid chromatography-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Karagianis 2003
|
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Analytical HPLC-MS studies of exudate of Aloe secundiflora revealed phenolic compounds, mainly anthrones (aloenin, aloenin B, isobarbaloin, barbaloin ), chromones and phenylpyrones.
Rebecca 2003
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To distinguish the 4 Aloe species viz. Aloe vera, A. ferox and A. africana from Aloe arborescens in commercial food products random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis method has been developed [Article in Japanese].
Shioda 2003
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Cinnamoyl, p-coumaroyl, feruloyl, caffeoyl aloesin, and related compounds were isolated from Aloe species and their antiinflammatory and antioxidative activities were attributed to acyl ester groups in aloesin and related compounds.
Yagi 2003
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A method of derivatization of carbohydrates with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) was developed to analyze carbohydrates in Aloe powder.
Zhang 2003
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An accurate method to quantitatively determine Barbaloin in aloe capsule by high performance liquid chromatography [Article in Chinese].
Chen 2002
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Colour reaction to identify aloes (Rosenthaler reaction), is better with 1,3-dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBH) than with elemental bromine which has some environmental and economical concern.
Hilp 2002
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Anthraquinone contents of Aloe such as barbaloin, homonataloin, aloeresin and aloenin showed variation between young to old leaves and from central part to margin of leaves. [Article in Chinese]
Shen 2002
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Investigations on contents of aloe drinks revealed presence of Barbaloin and isoBarbaloin in 30 of 31 samples and Aloin-dimers A, B, C and D in 8 of 31 samples. [Article in Japanese]
Shindo 2002
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Isolation of three C-glycosyl chromones, four anthraquinones and a mixture of phytosterols from the leaves of Aloe rubroviolacea reported.
Blitzke 2001
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Aloenin, barbaloin and isobarbaloin in Aloe vera and Aloe arborescens were determined within 15 minutes by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.
Kuzuya 2001
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Aloeride, an immunostimulatory polysaccharide charactrerized from commercial aloe vera juice comprises only 0.015% of its dry weight, but accounts fully for macrophage activation.
Pugh 2001
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Phytochemical investigation of leaf exudate of Aloe marlothii resulted in isolation of a new chromone and a new anthrone.
Bisrat 2000
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A phenolic antioxidative compound was isolated from methanolic extract of Aloe barbadensis by combination of column and thin-layer chromatography.
Lee 2000
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Capillary zone electrophoresis, an easy and low-cost method was developed to quantitatively analyze active components of Aloe vera L. [Article in Chinese].
Wang 2000
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Two lectins (glycoproteins) containing approximately 5% neutral sugar were separated and partially purified from leaf pulp of Aloe vera L.
Akev 1999
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123 chemicals containing 42 alcohols, 23 terpenoids, 21 aldehydes, 9 esters, 8 ketones, 6 acids, 5 phenols, and 9 miscellaneous compounds were identified in aloe leaves using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.
Umano 1999
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10-hydroxyaloin B 6'-O-acetate, an oxanthrone, was identified in Aloe claviflora
leaf exudate
Dagne 1998
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Determination of aloesin from plasma by HPLC
Kim 1998
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The anthraquinone chrysophanol (1,8-dihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone) is
transformed, by P450 oxidation, to aloe-emodin (1,
8-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethylanthraquinone)
Mueller 1998
|
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Verectin antibody showed differential immunoreactivities against nondialysable
fractions of A. arborescens, A. chinensis, and A. vera
Yagi 1998
|
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Analysis of peroxidase activity and soluble protein content in leaves of Aloe vera by spectrophotometric method showed variations in upper and lower most parts of leaves [Article in Chinese].
Gao1997
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A new chromone (8-[C-beta-D-[2-O-(E)-cinnamoyl] glucopyranosyl]-2- [(R)-2-hydroxypropyl]-7-methoxy-5-methylchromone), isolated from Aloe barbadensis exhibited topical anti-inflammatory activity.
Hutter 1996
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7 superoxide dismutases were found in aloe, 32-42 kD. 2 appear to be
mangano-SODs and 5 cupro-zinc SODs
Sabeh 1996
|
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The major components are in constant ratio of 4:3:2 of aloeresin A, aloesin,
and aloin (both epimers) throughout the natural distribution range. Aloinoside A
and aloinoside B more frequent in the western region
van Wyk 1995
|
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Simultaneous HPLC analysis of aloesin, aloeresin A, hydroxyaloin, aloin A
and B and aloinoside A and B
Zonta 1995
|
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"Determination of the position of the O-acetyl group in a beta-(1-->4)-mannan
(acemannan) from Aloe barbardensis " (no abstract)
Manna 1993
|
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Rapid sensitive detection of the laxatives phenolphthalein, danthron, rhein,
aloin, and bisacodyl and its metabolites in urine by HP-TLC
Perkins 1993
|
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Glutathione peroxidase activity in aloe gel extracts is attributed to a 62 kD
protein, composed of four 16 kD subunits containing one atom of selenium per
subunit
Sabeh 1993
|
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"Components of the gel of Aloe vera (L.) " (no abstract)
Yamaguchi 1993
|
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Iso-aloesin, C19H22O9, which is
2-acetonyl-6-C-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-7-hydroxy-5-methyl-chromone, from the
leaves of Aloe vera
Yuan 1993
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Acemannan is the USAN-accepted name for long-chain polydispersed
beta-(1,4)-acetylated polymannose with interspersed 0-acetyl groups with a
mannose monomer/acetyl ratio of approximately 1:1 and extracted from Aloe
Fogleman 1992
|
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Human feces bacteria converts aloesin (aloeresin B) to
2-acetonyl-7-hydroxy-5-methylchromone (aloesone) and
dl-7-hydroxy-2-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-5-methylchromone (aloesol) by cleaving the
C-glucosyl bond
Che 1991
|
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[Isolation and identification of aloesin from the leaves of Aloe vera L. var, chinensis (Haw.) Berger.] [Article in Chinese].
Yuan 1991
|
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[Gas chromatographic and mass spectral determination of aloenin in skin-care cosmetics].
Nakamura 1990
|
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Glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II, from the outer green rind of Aloe vera leaves,
are 44 & 27 kD
Norton 1990
|
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Chrysarobin can be prepared by oxidative cleavage (FeCl3) of aloin. Emodin
anthrone can be prepared by the action of aquous sodium tetraborate on aloin
Rychener 1989
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Structure determination of polysaccharides in Aloe saponaria (Hill.) Haw. (Liliaceae).
Yagi 1984
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Aloenin, magnesium lactate, aloe-emodin, barbaloin, and succinic acid, were
found in the leaf juice of Aloe arborescens. Aloenin & magnesium lactate
inhibit gastric juice secretion of rats
Hirata 1977
|
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[Aloe mannan, a ploysaccharide, from Aloe arborescens var. natalensis].
Yagi 1977
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"Studies on the constituents of Aloe arborescens Mill. var. natalensis Berger.
II. The structures of two new aloesin esters " (no abstract)
Makino 1974
|
|
| |
"Comparison of various methods for the spectrophotmetric determination of
aloin in aloe DAB 7-DDR " (no abstract)
Thieme 1973
|
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"Chromones in aloe species. I. Aloesin--a C-glucosyl-7-hydroxychromone "
(no abstract)
Holdsworth 1971
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"The assessment of purgative principles in aloes" (no abstract)
Mapp 1970
|
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[A comparative investigation of methods used to estimate aloin and related compounds in Aloes].
McCarthy 1970
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[Anthraquinone drugs. I. Thin-layer chromatographic identification of aloes, cascara, senna, and certain synthetic laxatives in pharmaceutical dosage forms].
Gyanchandani 1969
|
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[Distribution of glycosyl compounds in South African Aloe species].
McCarthy 1969
|
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[Methods of quantitative determination of aloin][Article in Russian].
Tareeva 1968
|
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Recommended methods for the evaluation of drugs. Prepared by the Joint Committee of the Pharmaceutical Society and the Society for Analytical Chemistry. The chemical assay of aloes.
[No authors listed] 1967
|
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[Research on drugs with anthraquinone bases. XIV. Isolation of a new heteroside from Senna leaves: diglucoside of aloe emodin dianthrone] [Article in French].
Lemli 1967
|
|
| |
"The distribution of aloesin in some South African Aloe species " (no abstract)
McCarthy 1967
|
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[Quantitative microdetermination of aloin by thin layer chromatography] [Article in Italian].
Longo 1966
|
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Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
|
| |
A novel buccal adhesive tablets using Aloe vera and Sinapis alba prevented salivary scavenging effect and exhibited 82.1% bioavailability in anaesthetized male New Zealand albino rabbits.
Sudhakar 2008
|
|
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A rapid, sensitive and specific liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of 5 active constituents including emodin and aloe-emodin from Da-Cheng-Qi decoction in rat plasma.
Xu 2008
|
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High Blood & tissue concentration of Cesium levels are reported from 2 patients administered cesium chloride in conjunction with aloe vera as part of an alternative cancer treatment. The highest Cs concentrations (microg/g,dry wt)were found in liver (1029), kidney (815) & brain (219).
Centeno 2003
|
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Aloenin eye drops, studied through synthetic membranes and in the isolated cornea of pig's eye revealed aloe substances could not overcome this biological barrier hence their use is limited to external parts of the eye, such as conjuctiva, lacrimal sac and cornea.
Kodym 2002b
|
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Biodisposition: FITC-labeled aloemannan was metabolized only by the mucosa from the large intestine into smaller molecules that were effectively absorbed in mice.
Yagi 2001
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Aloe vera has been shown to be an enzyme inducer of both hepatic and extrahepatic metabolizing enzymes in mice. Hence it can detoxify reactive metabolites, including chemical carcinogens and drugs.
Singh 2000
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Aloemannan (-AM) was metabolized into smaller molecules by liver and also catabolized by the human intestinal microflora to catabolites 1 and 2. Hydrolysis of AM showed hexosamine peaks on HPAE.
Yagi 1999
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A strictly anaerobic bacterium, Bifidobacterium sp. SEN, capable of hydrolyzing the O-glucosyl of sennosides was isolated from human feces which hydrolyzed sennoside B to sennidin B.
Hattori 1993
|
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A strictly anaerobic bacterium, Eubacterium sp. BAR, an intestinal bacteria isolated from human feces, was capable of metabolizing barbaloin to aloe-emodin anthrone.
Che 1991
|
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A study on Aloe vera, orally and topically, on wound healing revealed a 62.5% reduction in wound diameter in mice receiving 100 mg/kg/day oral and a 50.8% reduction was recorded in animals receiving topical 25% A.vera.
Davis 1989b
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Genetics & Molecular Biology
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The interaction of Aloe-emodin with salmon sperm DNA in 0.1M Tris-HCl buffer (pH 4.4) and at the DNA-modified glassy carbon electrode was systemically studied with voltammetry and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy.
Lin 2008
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The molecular structure of the exceptional telomeres of six plant species including Aloe vera belonging to the order Asparagales and two species of the order Liliales was analyzed using Southern blot and fluorescence in situ hybridization.
de la Herr?2005
|
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The level of expression of NADP-ME mRNA and accumulation of NADP-ME (AvME) protein under salt stress conditions were compared between a tolerant aloe, Aloe vera L. and a sensitive aloe, Aloe saponarea Haw.
Sun 2003
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Modern Methods of Preparation
|
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Herbal cosmetic creams using Punica granatum, fruits of Embelica officinale and fresh gel of Aloe vera in varied concentrations were formulated and evaluated for improvement of skin viscoelastic and hydration properties.
Ahshawat 2008
|
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Among the 4 polyherbals in a cream, Aloe vera and Amla inhibited the transduction of human papillomavirus type 16 pseudovirus in HeLa cells at concentrations far below those that are cytotoxic and those used in the formulation.
Talwar 2008
|
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Two types of gels and microemulsions were investigated for their ability to dissolve, release, & induce permeation of helenalin, an anti-inflammatory flavonoid of arnica montana extract, & aloin, an anthrone-C-glucosyls with antibacterial activity present in aloe vera extract.
Bergamante 2007
|
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The lipophilic character of 5 vehicles and 8 botanical oils including Aloe vera oil & coconut oil was determined by partitioning esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid between them and phosphate buffer (pH 7.4).
Mbah 2007
|
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Microsheets are clear cell wall fragments isolated from the non-living water storage cells in the pulp or inner gel of Aloe vera L. and can stabilize certain critical growth factors in wounds thereby promoting the healing process.
Ni 2007
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Biogenic gold nanotriangles and spherical silver nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple procedure using Aloe vera leaf extract as the reducing agent.
Chandran 2006
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Table grapes coated with Aloe vera gel significantly delayed the reduction of the total antioxidant activity, increases in total anthocyanins, and a rapid loss of functional compounds, such as total phenolics and ascorbic acid.
Serrano 2006
|
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A novel edible coating based on Aloe vera gel obtained according to SP Patent Filed 200302937 has been used as a means of preservation to maintain the quality and safety of cv. Crimson Seedless table grapes during cold storage and subsequent shelf life.
Valverde 2005
|
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The eye drops containing aqueous extract of fresh leaves of aloe, both freshly prepared and after two years of storage, met the requirements of the Polish Pharmacopoeia.
Kodym 2003
|
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Considering the physicochemical and microbiological stability, the most advisable base for ointments with aloe and neomycin sulphate was composed of white vaseline, liquid paraffin, solid paraffin, cholesterol.
Kodym 2002a
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GC detection of maltodextrin adulteration of commercial aloe gel powders.
Kim 1998
|
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A formulation of squalene, vitamin e, and aloe vera was able to prevent the development of chemically induced cancer (95%) and to cause regression of tumors (33.34%) in already formed in a mouse skin model.
Desai 1996
|
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Combination of A. vera and hydrocortisone on topical administration produced 97%. inhibition of edema. A. vera has potential as a biologically active vehicle for steroids.
Davis 1991
|
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Edema was inhibited 88% and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration was
reduced 91% by hydrocortisone 21-acetate in Aloe vera vehicle
Davis 1991
|
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Ointment for skin irritations and wound healing; US Patent 4,725,438
Leazer 1988
|
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Cultivation, Conservation & Ecology
|
| |
A preliminary study was made on four medicinal plants including Aloe vera in order to identify and enumerate the rhizosphere, non-rhizosphere and diazotrophic microorganisms in soil.
Karthikeyan 2008
|
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It was found that, a single application of localized heat stress induces fast action potentials in Aloe vera (67 m/s) and the electrical signals propagated along all leaves of the A. vera plants were studied.
Volkov 2007
|
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Exogenously applied silicate decreased significantly Na(+)& Cl(-) contents, increased K(+) content & K(+)/Na(+) ratio & selectivity ratio of absorption (AS(K, Na)) & of translocation (TS(K, Na)) to K(+) and Na(+) in aloe plant under both NaCl 100 & 200 mmol/L stresses for 30 d. [Article in Chinese]
Chen 2005
|
|
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[Totally wild for Aloe vera. Is all only marketing or what?] [Article in German]
Ernst 2003
|
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Tissue culture seedlings of Aloe vera L. inoculated with 7 AMF(arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi) in a greenhouse in Guangzhou showed that the percentage of infection was 99.67%-100%, the index of infected was 73.3%-86.67%. [Article in Chinese]
Gong 2002
|
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Shoots of seven Crassulacean acid metabolism species including Aloe vera and two C(3) species (teak [Tectona grandis] and Clusia sp.) were grown in a cuvette, and net CO(2) exchange was monitored for up to 51 d.
Winter 2002
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US distribution of Aloe vera from Texas A&M Bioinformatics Working Group:
Map
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Related Links
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Scroll down index of herbs to find Aloe (dried latex from leaf) within the pdf file in
WHO monograph
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Scroll down index of herbs to find Aloe vera (liquid gel from fresh leaf)within the pdf file in
WHO monograph
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|
| HISTORY OF RECORD |
|
| RESEARCHED BY: Soaring Bear, Ph.D. September, 1999 |
| RESEARCH UPDATED BY: Michael C. Tims, PhD. candidate June 2002 |
| REVISED BY: J.Mohanasundaram, MD, PhD August 2008 |
|
